Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/Idipaz, Madrid, Spain; CIBER of Epidemioloy and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/Idipaz, Madrid, Spain; CIBER of Epidemioloy and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
Clin Nutr. 2017 Jun;36(3):831-838. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.05.005. Epub 2016 May 24.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Several studies have found that moderate alcohol intake is associated with lower risk of functional limitations in older adults. However, no previous investigation has assessed this association in older adults from Mediterranean countries, who show characteristic drinking patterns.
Data were taken from the UAM and the Seniors-ENRICA cohorts in Spain, comprising community-dwelling people aged ≥60 years. At baseline, participants in both cohorts were classified as non-drinkers, ex-drinkers, moderate drinkers and heavy drinkers (the threshold between moderate and heavy intake was ≥40 g/day in men and ≥24 g/day in women). The Seniors-ENRICA cohort allowed assessment of a Mediterranean Drinking Pattern (MDP), defined as moderate alcohol intake, with wine preference (≥80% of alcohol consumed as wine) and drinking only with meals. The incidence of limitation in mobility, agility, and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) was ascertained in each cohort at the end of a 3.5-year follow-up. Analyses were adjusted for sex, age, education, lifestyle, BMI, chronic conditions, and functional limitations at baseline others than the studied limitation.
Compared with non-drinkers, ex-drinkers showed a higher risk of IADL limitation (pooled adjusted odds ratio [paOR]: 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-2.21). By contrast, moderate drinkers had a lower risk of limitations in mobility (paOR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.63-0.97), agility (paOR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.65-0.99) and IADL (paOR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.39-0.69). Among individuals reporting poor or fair health, the MDP was associated with lower risk of mobility limitation (aOR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.27-0.97).
In older adults, moderate alcohol consumption, as well as the MDP in specific subgroups, is associated with lower risk of functional limitation. These results should not serve to promote alcohol intake, because older adults are particularly vulnerable to its harmful effects.
多项研究发现，适量饮酒与老年人功能障碍风险降低有关。然而，此前尚未有研究评估地中海国家老年人的这种关联，这些人群具有独特的饮酒模式。
本研究数据来自西班牙的 UAM 和 Seniors-ENRICA 队列，包含社区居住的≥60 岁人群。在基线时，两个队列的参与者被分为不饮酒者、戒酒者、适量饮酒者和重度饮酒者（男性摄入量≥40g/天，女性摄入量≥24g/天被定义为中度和重度饮酒的界限）。Seniors-ENRICA 队列允许评估地中海饮酒模式（MDP），其定义为适量饮酒，偏爱葡萄酒（≥80%的酒精来自葡萄酒），且仅在用餐时饮酒。在 3.5 年随访结束时，每个队列都评估了移动能力、敏捷度和日常生活活动能力（IADL）受限的发生率。分析调整了性别、年龄、教育、生活方式、BMI、慢性疾病以及基线时除研究受限以外的其他功能受限。
与不饮酒者相比，戒酒者的 IADL 受限风险更高（合并调整后比值比 [paOR]：1.63；95%置信区间 [CI]：1.04-2.21）。相比之下，适量饮酒者移动能力受限（paOR：0.80；95% CI：0.63-0.97）、敏捷度受限（paOR：0.82；95% CI：0.65-0.99）和 IADL 受限（paOR：0.54；95% CI：0.39-0.69）的风险较低。在报告健康状况不佳或一般的人群中，MDP 与移动能力受限风险降低相关（aOR：0.51；95% CI：0.27-0.97）。
在老年人中，适量饮酒以及特定亚组中的 MDP 与功能障碍风险降低相关。这些结果不应被用来促进饮酒，因为老年人尤其容易受到其有害影响。
