Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Idipaz, Madrid, Spain.
CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2018 Jul 31;8(1):11512. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-29985-4.
The scarce research on the effects of moderate alcohol consumption on mental health among older adults suggests a protective effect against depression. We prospectively examined the association between patterns of moderate alcohol consumption, depression and psychological distress, using information from 5,299 community-dwelling older adults from the ELSA and Seniors-ENRICA cohorts. A Mediterranean drinking pattern (MDP) was defined as moderate alcohol intake (<40 g/day for men; <24 g/day for women) with a preference for wine and drinking only with meals. Depression was ascertained with the 10-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-10), a self-report of clinically-diagnosed depression, or being on anti-depressant medication (Seniors-ENRICA); and with the 8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) (ELSA). Psychological distress was assessed with the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). Compared to never drinkers, moderate drinkers showed comparable scores on the ENRICA-GDS-10 (PRR (95%CI): 1.03 (0.84-1.26)), the ENRICA-GHQ-12 (0.88 (0.73-1.06)), the ELSA-CES-D (0.92 (0.79-1.06)) and the ELSA-GHQ-12 (0.75 (0.55-1.01). The MDP was not associated with the GDS-10 or GHQ-12 scores, or with clinically-diagnosed depression; however drinkers with a preference for wine showed an increased number of psychological distress symptoms (1.31 (1.03-1.66)). In conclusion, we found no consistent protective association between moderate alcohol consumption and depression in older adults.
关于适量饮酒对老年人心理健康影响的研究甚少，提示其可能对抑郁有保护作用。我们前瞻性地研究了适度饮酒模式、抑郁和心理困扰之间的关系，研究对象来自 ELSA 和 Seniors-ENRICA 队列的 5299 名社区居住的老年人。地中海饮酒模式（MDP）定义为适量饮酒（男性<40g/天；女性<24g/天），偏好葡萄酒，且只在进餐时饮酒。抑郁采用老年抑郁量表（GDS-10）、临床诊断的抑郁自评或抗抑郁药物（Seniors-ENRICA）进行评估；采用 8 项流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）（ELSA）进行评估。心理困扰采用一般健康问卷-12（GHQ-12）进行评估。与从不饮酒者相比，适量饮酒者在 Seniors-ENRICA-GDS-10（PRR（95%CI）：1.03（0.84-1.26））、Seniors-ENRICA-GHQ-12（0.88（0.73-1.06））、ELSA-CES-D（0.92（0.79-1.06））和 ELSA-GHQ-12（0.75（0.55-1.01））上的评分无差异。MDP 与 GDS-10 或 GHQ-12 评分或临床诊断的抑郁无关；然而，偏好葡萄酒的饮酒者出现更多的心理困扰症状（1.31（1.03-1.66））。总之，我们未发现适量饮酒与老年人抑郁之间存在一致的保护关联。
