Koh Ara, De Vadder Filipe, Kovatcheva-Datchary Petia, Bäckhed Fredrik
Wallenberg Laboratory and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Wallenberg Laboratory and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 København, Denmark.
Cell. 2016 Jun 2;165(6):1332-1345. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.041.
A compelling set of links between the composition of the gut microbiota, the host diet, and host physiology has emerged. Do these links reflect cause-and-effect relationships, and what might be their mechanistic basis? A growing body of work implicates microbially produced metabolites as crucial executors of diet-based microbial influence on the host. Here, we will review data supporting the diverse functional roles carried out by a major class of bacterial metabolites, the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs can directly activate G-coupled-receptors, inhibit histone deacetylases, and serve as energy substrates. They thus affect various physiological processes and may contribute to health and disease.
肠道微生物群的组成、宿主饮食和宿主生理之间已出现一系列引人注目的联系。这些联系是否反映了因果关系，其机制基础又是什么？越来越多的研究表明，微生物产生的代谢产物是饮食对宿主微生物影响的关键执行者。在这里，我们将回顾支持一类主要细菌代谢产物——短链脂肪酸（SCFA）所发挥的多种功能作用的数据。短链脂肪酸可以直接激活G偶联受体、抑制组蛋白脱乙酰酶并作为能量底物。因此，它们会影响各种生理过程，并可能对健康和疾病产生影响。
