de Oliveira Davi Marcos Souza, da Silva Bruno José Martins, de Sena Chubert Bernardo Castro, Lima José Aprígio Nunes, Vasconcelos Dos Santos Thiago, Silveira Fernando Tobias, Silva Edilene Oliveira
Laboratory of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, 66075-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Structural Biology, Belém, Pará, 66075-900, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
Laboratory of Structural Biology, Belém, Pará, 66075-900, Brazil.
Exp Parasitol. 2016 Sep;168:31-8. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2016.06.002. Epub 2016 Jun 2.
Leishmaniasis are worldwide diseases that occur in 98 countries including Brazil, transmitted by the bite of female phlebotomines during blood feeding. In Brazil it is known that some species of sand flies as Lutzomyia longipalpis sensun latum (vector of Leishmania infantum chagasi), Lutzomyia flaviscutellata (vector of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis) and Lutzomyia antunesi [suspected vector of Leishmania (Viannia) lindenbergi] are incriminated of transmitting the parasite Leishmania for the vertebrate host. The phlebotomine-parasite is mediated by the attachment of the promastigote lipophosphoglycan (LPG) to the midgut epithelium. However, another mechanism that is LPG-independent and mediated by N-acetyl-galactosamine (GalNAc) seems to occur in some species of phlebotomines that are classified as permissive. The aim of this study was to characterize the carbohydrate residues that, probably, play a role in parasite attachment to the midgut of phlebotomine from colony and field populations from the Brazilian Amazonian region. We observed the presence of GalNAc, mannose, galactose and GlcNAc in all phlebotomine species. A binding assay between L. (L.) amazonensis and L. i.chagasi to the midguts of different species of phlebotomines was performed. The attachment of both Leishmania and vector species suggests the presence of GalNAc on the midgut surfaces. Thus, these results suggested that GalNAc is a possible binding sites of Leishmania in sand flies from the Brazilian Amazonian region.
利什曼病是一种全球性疾病，在包括巴西在内的98个国家均有发生，通过雌性白蛉在吸血时叮咬传播。在巴西，已知一些白蛉物种，如长须罗蛉（婴儿利什曼原虫恰加斯亚种的传播媒介）、黄盾罗蛉（亚马逊利什曼原虫的传播媒介）和安图内斯罗蛉（林登伯格利什曼原虫的疑似传播媒介）被认为会将利什曼原虫传播给脊椎动物宿主。白蛉与寄生虫之间的传播是由前鞭毛体脂磷壁酸（LPG）附着于中肠上皮介导的。然而，另一种不依赖LPG且由N-乙酰半乳糖胺（GalNAc）介导的机制似乎在一些被归类为易感的白蛉物种中存在。本研究的目的是鉴定可能在巴西亚马逊地区的群体和野外种群的白蛉中肠寄生虫附着过程中起作用的碳水化合物残基。我们在所有白蛉物种中都观察到了GalNAc、甘露糖、半乳糖和GlcNAc的存在。进行了亚马逊利什曼原虫和婴儿利什曼原虫恰加斯亚种与不同白蛉物种中肠的结合试验。利什曼原虫和媒介物种的附着表明中肠表面存在GalNAc。因此，这些结果表明GalNAc可能是巴西亚马逊地区白蛉中利什曼原虫的结合位点。
