Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, WHO Collaborating Centre for Leishmaniasis, Madrid, Spain.
Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, WHO Collaborating Centre for Leishmaniasis, Madrid, Spain.
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2016 Aug;22(8):739.e1-4. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.05.021. Epub 2016 Jun 3.
No field method exists for identifying asymptomatic individuals in areas where Leishmania infantum is endemic. This work reports that, 24 h after stimulating whole blood with soluble Leishmania antigen (SLA), plasma interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) become significantly elevated in samples from asymptomatic individuals (n=47) compared with those from negative controls (n=50), all of them recruited from a blood bank. When compared with the reference test SLA-lymphoproliferative assay, IL-2 appears as a new, 100% sensitive and specific marker for asymptomatic individuals with a positive cellular response (compared with 100% and 84.78%, respectively, for IFN-γ). Further studies in other transmission areas and in other cohorts of exposed people need to be performed to confirm these results. Once validated, IFN-γ and IL-2 levels in SLA-stimulated whole blood could be reliably used in the field to estimate the prevalence of those asymptomatic individuals with Leishmania-specific cellular immune responses.
目前尚无针对利什曼原虫流行地区无症状个体的现场鉴定方法。本研究报告称，在经可溶性利什曼抗原（SLA）刺激 24 小时后，与阴性对照（n=50）相比，来自无症状个体（n=47）的血浆干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）和白细胞介素-2（IL-2）水平显著升高。所有阴性对照均来自血库。与参考试验 SLA 淋巴细胞增殖试验相比，IL-2 似乎是一种新的、100%敏感和特异的针对具有阳性细胞反应的无症状个体的标志物（与 IFN-γ的 100%和 84.78%相比）。需要在其他传播地区和其他暴露人群队列中进行进一步研究来验证这些结果。一旦得到验证，SLA 刺激全血中的 IFN-γ和 IL-2 水平可在现场可靠地用于估计具有利什曼原虫特异性细胞免疫反应的无症状个体的流行率。
