Olano-Lizarraga Maddi, Oroviogoicoechea Cristina, Errasti-Ibarrondo Begoña, Saracíbar-Razquin Maribel
Faculty of Nursing, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Faculty of Nursing, University of Navarra, Navarra's Health Research Institute (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
J Clin Nurs. 2016 Sep;25(17-18):2413-29. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13285. Epub 2016 Jun 6.
To determine, from a systematic literature review, the experience of living with heart failure and to propose some practice guidelines and research questions.
Chronic heart failure has been one of the fastest growing illnesses in recent decades, with almost 23 million people affected worldwide. This complex syndrome has multiple causes and appears when underlying heart disease is advanced. Currently, heart failure has no cure and leads to a significant deterioration in patients' quality of life.
Qualitative meta-synthesis.
A qualitative meta-synthesis was conducted to extract and analyse qualitative research from the Cochrane, PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Cuiden databases. Snowball sampling and a manual search were performed to identify other relevant studies.
Twenty-five qualitative studies were selected. The findings indicate that there are three main themes that describe the phenomenon. The first theme refers to the experiences related to the beginning of the process. The second theme is connected with the effects on the person: physical, emotional, social and spiritual changes. The third theme is linked with how to live with heart failure despite the illness, including the adjustment and coping process and how external resources can help them to manage.
Heart failure has a major impact on the entire person, but some areas have not been addressed. By creating new tools to understand and evaluate the impact of this illness and interventions that prevent or improve some situations, we can promote the well-being and the quality of life of this population.
Nurses must have a personal knowledge of the experiences and needs of the patients. To do this, nurses should create care environments that promote an exchange of experiences and knowledge between the nurse and the patient and family.
通过系统的文献综述，确定心力衰竭患者的生活体验，并提出一些实践指南和研究问题。
慢性心力衰竭是近几十年来增长最快的疾病之一，全球近2300万人受其影响。这种复杂的综合征有多种病因，在潜在心脏病进展时出现。目前，心力衰竭无法治愈，会导致患者生活质量显著下降。
定性元综合分析。
进行定性元综合分析，以从考克兰图书馆、PubMed、护理学与健康领域数据库、心理学文摘数据库、科学引文索引数据库和Cuiden数据库中提取和分析定性研究。采用滚雪球抽样和手工检索来识别其他相关研究。
选取了25项定性研究。研究结果表明，有三个主要主题描述了这一现象。第一个主题涉及与病程开始相关的经历。第二个主题与对患者的影响有关：身体、情感、社会和精神方面的变化。第三个主题与尽管患病仍如何与心力衰竭共存相关，包括调整和应对过程以及外部资源如何帮助他们应对。
心力衰竭对患者整体有重大影响，但有些方面尚未得到解决。通过创建新工具来理解和评估这种疾病的影响以及预防或改善某些情况的干预措施，我们可以促进这一人群的幸福感和生活质量。
护士必须亲自了解患者的经历和需求。为此，护士应营造护理环境，促进护士与患者及其家属之间的经验和知识交流。
