Vizcarra-Ugalde Sergio, Rico-Hernández Montserrat, Monjarás-Ávila César, Bernal-Silva Sofía, Garrocho-Rangel Maria E, Ochoa-Pérez Uciel R, Noyola Daniel E
From the *Facultad de Medicina, Microbiology Department, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México; and †Pediatrics Department, Hospital Central "Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto," San Luis Potosí, México.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2016 Nov;35(11):1199-1203. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001262.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common etiology for acute respiratory infection hospital admissions in young children. Case fatality rates for hospitalized patients range between 0% and 3.4%. Recent reports indicate that deaths associated with RSV are uncommon in developed countries. However, the role of this virus as a current cause of mortality in other countries requires further examination.
Children with RSV infection admitted between May 2003 and December 2014 to a level 2 specialty hospital in Mexico were included in this analysis. Underlying risk factors, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and condition on discharge were assessed to determine the ICU admission and death rates associated to RSV infection.
We analyzed data of 1153 patients with RSV infection in whom information regarding underlying illnesses and discharge status was available. Sixty patients (5.2 %) were admitted to the ICU and 12 (1.04 %) died. Relevant underlying conditions were present in 320 (27.7%) patients. Infants with underlying respiratory disorders (excluding asthma) and a history of prematurity had high ICU admission rates (17.1% and 13.8%, respectively). Mortality rates were highest for infants with respiratory disease (excluding asthma) (7.3%), cardiovascular diseases (5.9%) and neurologic disorders (5.3%). The ICU admission and death rates were higher in infants <6 months of age than in other age groups.
The ICU admission rate and mortality rate in Mexican infants hospitalized with RSV infection were 5.2% and 1%, respectively. Mortality rates were high in infants with respiratory, cardiovascular and neurologic disorders.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是幼儿急性呼吸道感染住院的最常见病因。住院患者的病死率在0%至3.4%之间。最近的报告表明，在发达国家，与RSV相关的死亡并不常见。然而，这种病毒在其他国家作为当前死亡原因的作用需要进一步研究。
纳入2003年5月至2014年12月在墨西哥一家二级专科医院住院的RSV感染儿童。评估潜在风险因素、入住重症监护病房（ICU）情况及出院状况，以确定与RSV感染相关的ICU入住率和死亡率。
我们分析了1153例RSV感染患者的数据，这些患者有潜在疾病和出院状态的相关信息。60例（5.2%）患者入住ICU，12例（1.04%）死亡。320例（27.7%）患者存在相关潜在疾病。患有潜在呼吸系统疾病（不包括哮喘）和有早产史的婴儿ICU入住率较高（分别为17.1%和13.8%）。患有呼吸系统疾病（不包括哮喘）、心血管疾病和神经系统疾病的婴儿死亡率最高（分别为7.3%、5.9%和5.3%）。6个月以下婴儿的ICU入住率和死亡率高于其他年龄组。
墨西哥因RSV感染住院的婴儿的ICU入住率和死亡率分别为5.2%和1%。患有呼吸系统、心血管和神经系统疾病的婴儿死亡率较高。
