Paleos Constantinos M, Tsiourvas Dimitris, Sideratou Zili
NCSR "Demokritos", Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology , 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece.
Regulon SA , 7 Afxentiou Street, 17455 Alimos, Attiki Greece.
Mol Pharm. 2016 Jul 5;13(7):2233-41. doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00237. Epub 2016 Jun 22.
Targeting specific intracellular organelles has been a biological process of significant interest. Specifically, for mitochondrial targeting, conventional liposomal and dendritic polymer nanoparticles were selected to be presented in this miniperspective. Both types of nanoparticles were decorated on their external surface with triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP), a well-known and effective mitochondrial targeting moiety. Due to their advantageous specificity toward mitochondria, these nanoparticles may be considered as prospective second generation drug delivery systems (DDSs). Functionalized liposomal and dendritic nanoparticles are conveniently prepared, and although they encounter several hurdles on their route from the extracellular environment to the interior of mitochondria, they manage to be accumulated inside them in experiments in vitro. Therefore, the TPP-functionalized nanoparticles presented in this miniperspective can prove effective DDSs and efforts should be continued to obtain results that will trigger further studies including clinical studies, hopefully leading to effective drugs for mitochondrial diseases. In fact, since these DDSs enter and act at the site where the dysfunction exists, a new medicine subspecialty is emerging, the so-called mitochondrial medicine.
靶向特定的细胞内细胞器一直是一个备受关注的生物学过程。具体而言，对于线粒体靶向，本文简要综述中选择了传统的脂质体和树枝状聚合物纳米颗粒进行介绍。这两种类型的纳米颗粒在其外表面都修饰有三苯基膦阳离子（TPP），这是一种著名且有效的线粒体靶向基团。由于它们对线粒体具有有利的特异性，这些纳米颗粒可被视为有前景的第二代药物递送系统（DDS）。功能化的脂质体和树枝状纳米颗粒易于制备，尽管它们在从细胞外环境进入线粒体内部的过程中遇到了一些障碍，但在体外实验中它们成功地在其中积累。因此，本文简要综述中介绍的TPP功能化纳米颗粒可证明是有效的DDS，应继续努力以获得能引发包括临床研究在内的进一步研究的结果，有望研发出针对线粒体疾病的有效药物。事实上，由于这些DDS进入功能障碍存在的部位并在该部位发挥作用，一个新的医学分支正在兴起，即所谓的线粒体医学。
