Pongprueksa Pong, De Munck Jan, Barreto Bruno C, Karunratanakul Kavin, Van Meerbeek Bart
KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & University Hospitals Leuven, Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium; Mahidol University, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bangkok, Thailand.
KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & University Hospitals Leuven, Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2016 Sep;62:446-455. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.05.022. Epub 2016 May 25.
Today׳s most commonly applied bonding effectiveness tests are criticized for their high variability and low reliability, the latter in particular with regard to measuring the actual strength of the adhesive interface.
in continuation of previous research conducted at dentin, we hereby aimed to validate the novel mini-interfacial fracture toughness (mini-iFT) test on its applicability to assess bonding effectiveness of contemporary adhesives when bonded to enamel.
The 3-step etch&rinse (E&R) adhesive OptiBond FL (Kerr), the 2-step self-etch (SE) adhesive Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray Noritake) and the two multi-mode adhesives Clearfil S(3) Bond Plus (Kuraray Noritake) and Scotchbond Universal (3M ESPE), both used following a 2-step E&R and 1-step SE mode, were applied to clinically relevant, flattened enamel surfaces. A composite (Filtek Z100; 3M ESPE) build-up was made in layers. After 1-week water storage at 37°C, all specimens were sectioned perpendicular to the interface to obtain rectangular sticks. A mini-iFT notch was prepared at the adhesive-enamel interface using a thin diamond blade under water cooling. Finally, the specimens were loaded in a 4-point bending test until failure.
the mini-iFT onto human enamel was significantly higher for the adhesives applied in E&R mode versus those applied in SE mode. The lowest mini-iFT was found for the adhesives applied following a 1-step SE approach. SEM fracture analysis revealed that all fractures originated at the adhesive-enamel interface and that the induced crack propagated preferentially along this interface.
mini-iFT appeared a valid alternative method to assess the mechanical properties of adhesive-enamel interfaces.
当今最常用的粘结有效性测试因其高变异性和低可靠性而受到批评，尤其是在测量粘结界面的实际强度方面。
在先前对牙本质进行的研究基础上，我们旨在验证新型微界面断裂韧性（mini-iFT）测试在评估当代粘结剂与牙釉质粘结时的粘结有效性方面的适用性。
将三步酸蚀冲洗（E&R）粘结剂OptiBond FL（登士柏）、两步自酸蚀（SE）粘结剂Clearfil SE Bond（可乐丽诺瑞特）以及两种多模式粘结剂Clearfil S(3) Bond Plus（可乐丽诺瑞特）和Scotchbond Universal（3M ESPE），分别按照两步E&R模式和一步SE模式应用于临床相关的平整牙釉质表面。分层构建复合树脂（Filtek Z100；3M ESPE）。在37°C下储存1周后，将所有标本垂直于界面切割以获得矩形棒。使用薄金刚石刀片在水冷条件下在粘结剂 - 牙釉质界面制备mini-iFT缺口。最后，在四点弯曲试验中对标本加载直至破坏。
与以SE模式应用的粘结剂相比，以E&R模式应用的粘结剂在人牙釉质上的mini-iFT显著更高。以一步SE方法应用的粘结剂的mini-iFT最低。扫描电子显微镜断裂分析表明，所有断裂均起源于粘结剂 - 牙釉质界面，并且诱导裂纹优先沿该界面扩展。
mini-iFT似乎是评估粘结剂 - 牙釉质界面力学性能的有效替代方法。
