Sowmya Rama, Sachindra Nakkarike M
Pol J Microbiol. 2016;65(1):77-88. doi: 10.5604/17331331.1197278.
Carotenoids are known to possess immense nutraceutical properties and microorganisms are continuously being explored as natural source for production of carotenoids. In this study, pigmented bacteria belonging to Flavobacteriaceae family were isolated using kanamycin-containing marine agar and identified using the molecular techniques and their phenotypic characteristics were studied along with their potential to produce carotenoids. Analysis of random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) banding patterns and the fragment size of the bands indicated that the 10 isolates fall under two major groups. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis the isolates were identified as Vitellibacter sp. (3 isolates), Formosa sp. (2 isolates) and Arenibacter sp. (5 isolates). Phenotypically, the isolates showed slight variation from the reported species of these three genera of Flavobacteriaceae. Only the isolates belonging to Vitellibacter and Formosa produced flexirubin, a typical yellow orange pigment produced by most of the organisms of the family Flavobacteriaceae. Vitellibacter sp. and Formosa sp. were found to produce higher amount of carotenoids compared to Arenibacter sp. and zeaxanthin was found to be the major carotenoid produced by these two species. The study indicated that Vitellibacter sp. and Formosa sp. can be exploited for production of carotenoids, particularly zeaxanthin.
已知类胡萝卜素具有巨大的营养保健特性，并且微生物作为类胡萝卜素生产的天然来源正不断被探索。在本研究中，使用含卡那霉素的海洋琼脂分离出属于黄杆菌科的色素细菌，并通过分子技术进行鉴定，同时研究了它们的表型特征及其产生类胡萝卜素的潜力。对随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）条带模式和条带片段大小的分析表明，10株分离株分为两个主要类群。基于16S rRNA基因序列分析，这些分离株被鉴定为卵黄杆菌属（3株）、福莫萨菌属（2株）和嗜盐杆菌属（5株）。在表型上，这些分离株与黄杆菌科这三个属的已报道物种略有不同。只有属于卵黄杆菌属和福莫萨菌属的分离株产生了flexirubin，这是黄杆菌科大多数生物体产生的一种典型的黄橙色色素。与嗜盐杆菌属相比，发现卵黄杆菌属和福莫萨菌属产生的类胡萝卜素量更高，并且玉米黄质被发现是这两个物种产生的主要类胡萝卜素。该研究表明，卵黄杆菌属和福莫萨菌属可用于生产类胡萝卜素，特别是玉米黄质。
