Hannachi Amel, Elarbaoui Soumaya, Khazri Abdelhafidh, D'Agostino Fabio, Sellami Badreddine, Beyrem Hamouda, Gambi Cristina, Danovaro Roberto, Mahmoudi Ezzeddine
Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia.
Institute for Coastal Marine Environment (IAMC) - CNR, Via del Mare 3, 91021 Torretta Granitola, Trapani, Italy.
Environ Sci Process Impacts. 2016 Jul 13;18(7):832-43. doi: 10.1039/c5em00631g.
A mesocosm experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Irgarol on nematode diversity, composition and trophic structure. Sediment samples were experimentally contaminated using four increasing Irgarol concentrations [I1 (11.5 ng g(-1)), I2 (35 ng g(-1)), I3 (105 ng g(-1)) and I4 (315 ng g(-1))] and compared to non-contaminated sediments (controls). Nematode diversity as the number of nematodes species (S) and species richness (d) was significantly lower in all Irgarol treatments than in the controls while the evenness (J') increased significantly in I4 treated mesocosms. The nematode species composition significantly changed following Irgarol concentrations. Paracomesoma dubiun and Terschellingia longicaudata appeared as "tolerant" species to the highest Irgarol concentration. Additionally, Chromadorina germanica and Microlaimus cyatholaimoides appeared as "opportunistic" species. In contrast, Daptonema normandicum seemed to be a "sensitive" species to Irgarol contamination. Irgarol modified also the nematode trophic structure where the relative abundance of deposit feeders decreased significantly in all the treatments compared to control mesocosms and optional predators decreased only in treated mesocosms with I3. Epigrowth feeders increased significantly in treated mesocosms with I3 and I4 and the microvores increased with I1 and decreased with I4. The relative abundance of ciliate consumers appeared unaffected by the presence of Irgarol contamination. Our results open new perspectives on the potential impact of antifouling booster biocide Irgarol 1051 on nematode biodiversity and functional diversity as trophic structures.
进行了一项中宇宙实验，以评估烯啶虫胺对线虫多样性、组成和营养结构的影响。使用四种递增的烯啶虫胺浓度[I1（11.5 ng g(-1)）、I2（35 ng g(-1)）、I3（105 ng g(-1)）和I4（315 ng g(-1)）]对沉积物样本进行实验性污染，并与未受污染的沉积物（对照）进行比较。在所有烯啶虫胺处理中，线虫多样性（以线虫物种数量（S）和物种丰富度（d）衡量）均显著低于对照，而在I4处理的中宇宙中，均匀度（J'）显著增加。随着烯啶虫胺浓度的变化，线虫物种组成发生了显著变化。Dubium拟副矛线虫和长尾特尔谢林线虫似乎是对最高烯啶虫胺浓度具有“耐受性”的物种。此外，德国色矛线虫和环咽微线线虫似乎是“机会主义”物种。相比之下，诺曼底达普线虫似乎是对烯啶虫胺污染“敏感”的物种。烯啶虫胺还改变了线虫的营养结构，与对照中宇宙相比，所有处理中沉积物取食者的相对丰度均显著降低，而选择性捕食者仅在I3处理的中宇宙中减少。在I3和I4处理的中宇宙中，表生生长取食者显著增加，微型取食者在I1处理时增加，在I4处理时减少。纤毛虫消费者的相对丰度似乎不受烯啶虫胺污染的影响。我们的结果为防污增效杀生剂烯啶虫胺1051对线虫生物多样性和作为营养结构的功能多样性的潜在影响开辟了新的视角。
