Bailey T G, Cable N T, Miller G D, Sprung V S, Low D A, Jones H
School of Health and Sport Science, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Australia.
Department of Obesity and Endocrinology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Int J Sports Med. 2016 Sep;37(10):757-65. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-106899. Epub 2016 Jun 10.
Exercise training has the potential to enhance cerebrovascular function. Warm water immersion has recently been shown to enhance vascular function including the cerebrovascular response to heating. We suggest that passive heating can be used alternatively to exercise. Our aim was to compare the effects of exercise with warm-water immersion training on cerebrovascular and thermoregulatory function. 18 females (25±5 y) performed 8 weeks of cycling (70% HRmax) or warm water immersion (42°C) for 30 min 3 times per week. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and peak cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) were measured prior to and following both interventions. A passive heat stress was employed to obtain temperature thresholds (Tb) and sensitivities for sweat rate (SR) and cutaneous vasodilation (CVC). Middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) was measured throughout. FMD and VO2peak improved following both interventions (p<0.05). MCAv and cerebrovascular conductance were higher at rest and during passive heating (p<0.001 and <0.001, respectively) following both interventions. SR occurred at a lower Tb following both interventions and SR sensitivity also increased, with a larger increase at the chest (p<0.001) following water immersion. CVC occurred at a lower Tb (p<0.001) following both interventions. Warm water immersion elicits similar cerebrovascular, conduit, and thermoregulatory adaptations compared to a period of moderate-intensity exercise training.
运动训练有增强脑血管功能的潜力。最近研究表明，温水浸泡可增强血管功能，包括脑血管对加热的反应。我们认为被动加热可替代运动。我们的目的是比较运动与温水浸泡训练对脑血管和体温调节功能的影响。18名女性（25±5岁）进行为期8周的骑行训练（心率最大值的70%）或温水浸泡（42°C），每周3次，每次30分钟。在两种干预前后分别测量肱动脉血流介导的血管舒张（FMD）和心肺适能峰值（VO2peak）。采用被动热应激来获取体温阈值（Tb）以及出汗率（SR）和皮肤血管舒张（CVC）的敏感性。全程测量大脑中动脉血流速度（MCAv）。两种干预后FMD和VO2peak均有所改善（p<0.05）。两种干预后，静息时和被动加热期间MCAv和脑血管传导率均更高（分别为p<0.001和<0.001）。两种干预后SR在较低的Tb时出现，且SR敏感性也增加，温水浸泡后胸部的增加幅度更大（p<0.001）。两种干预后CVC在较低的Tb时出现（p<0.001）。与一段中等强度运动训练相比，温水浸泡能引发相似的脑血管、血管和体温调节适应性变化。
