Khan Haseeb A, Ibrahim Khalid E, Khan Ayaat, Alrokayan Salman H, Alhomida Abdullah S, Lee Yong-Kyu
Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2016 Aug;68(7):381-90. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2016.05.006. Epub 2016 Jun 7.
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) possess promising applications in targeted drug delivery and controlled release of a variety of chemical agents. However, the immunocompatibility of GNPs is poorly understood. After exposure, GNPs preferentially tend to accumulate is liver, where they induce an acute phase proinflammatory response. We therefore compared the two techniques, immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR for measuring the protein and mRNA expressions of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in liver of rats after intraperitoneal injections (5μg/animal) of 10 and 50nm diameter GNPs for 1 and 5days. The results showed that both 10nm and 50nm GNPs induced an acute phase expression of proinflammatory cytokines that receded on day 5. The proinflammatory response on day 1 was comparatively more severe with 50nm GNPs than 10nm GNPs. A comparative evaluation between immunostaining and real-time PCR showed that the latter technique is more sensitive as it could detect the cytokines mRNA expression in control samples as well. This could be partly attributed to the amplification strategy used in real-time PCR and partly to the variations in the half lives of cytokines mRNA and their resulting proteins.
金纳米颗粒（GNPs）在靶向药物递送和多种化学药剂的控释方面具有广阔的应用前景。然而，人们对GNPs的免疫相容性了解甚少。暴露后，GNPs倾向于优先在肝脏中积累，在那里它们会引发急性期促炎反应。因此，我们比较了免疫组织化学和实时定量PCR这两种技术，用于测量腹腔注射（5μg/只动物）直径为10和50nm的GNPs 1天和5天后大鼠肝脏中IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的蛋白质和mRNA表达。结果表明，10nm和50nm的GNPs均诱导了促炎细胞因子的急性期表达，且在第5天有所消退。第1天，50nm的GNPs引发的促炎反应比10nm的GNPs相对更严重。免疫染色和实时定量PCR之间的比较评估表明，后一种技术更敏感，因为它也能检测对照样品中的细胞因子mRNA表达。这可能部分归因于实时定量PCR中使用的扩增策略，部分归因于细胞因子mRNA及其产生的蛋白质半衰期的差异。
