Takashima Atsuko, Bakker Iske, van Hell Janet G, Janzen Gabriele, McQueen James M
Radboud University, Behavioural Science Institute, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Radboud University, Behavioural Science Institute, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Brain Lang. 2017 Apr;167:44-60. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2016.05.009. Epub 2016 Jun 10.
When a novel word is learned, its memory representation is thought to undergo a process of consolidation and integration. In this study, we tested whether the neural representations of novel words change as a function of consolidation by observing brain activation patterns just after learning and again after a delay of one week. Words learned with meanings were remembered better than those learned without meanings. Both episodic (hippocampus-dependent) and semantic (dependent on distributed neocortical areas) memory systems were utilised during recognition of the novel words. The extent to which the two systems were involved changed as a function of time and the amount of associated information, with more involvement of both systems for the meaningful words than for the form-only words after the one-week delay. These results suggest that the reason the meaningful words were remembered better is that their retrieval can benefit more from these two complementary memory systems.
当学习一个新单词时，其记忆表征被认为会经历一个巩固和整合的过程。在本研究中，我们通过观察刚学习后以及延迟一周后的大脑激活模式，测试了新单词的神经表征是否会随着巩固过程而变化。学习时带有含义的单词比无含义的单词记忆效果更好。在识别新单词的过程中，情景记忆（依赖海马体）和语义记忆（依赖分布的新皮层区域）系统均被利用。这两个系统的参与程度会随着时间和相关信息量的变化而改变，在延迟一周后，与仅学习形式的单词相比，两个系统在记忆有意义单词时的参与度更高。这些结果表明，有意义单词记忆效果更好的原因在于，它们的提取能更多地受益于这两个互补的记忆系统。
