Kurdziel Laura B F, Mantua Janna, Spencer Rebecca M C
Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Neuroscience & Behavior Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, United States.
Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Neuroscience & Behavior Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, United States.
Brain Lang. 2017 Apr;167:106-113. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2016.05.010. Epub 2016 Jun 9.
Sleep is an offline period during which newly acquired semantic information is transformed into longer-lasting memories. Language acquisition, which requires new word learning and semantic integration, is preferentially benefitted by a period of sleep in children and young adults. Specific features of sleep (e.g., sleep stage characteristics) have been associated with enhanced language acquisition and generalization. However, with increasing age, even in healthy individuals, sleep quality and quantity decrease. Simultaneously, deficits in word retrieval and new word learning emerge. Yet it is unknown whether age-related alterations in language ability are linked with alterations in sleep. The goal of this review is to examine changes in language learning and sleep across the lifespan. We consider how sleep detriments that occur with aging could affect abilities to learn novel words and semantic generalization and propose hypotheses to motivate future research in this area.
睡眠是一个离线期，在此期间新获得的语义信息会转化为更持久的记忆。语言习得需要学习新单词和进行语义整合，儿童和年轻人在经历一段睡眠期后，语言习得会优先从中受益。睡眠的特定特征（如睡眠阶段特征）与语言习得和泛化能力的增强有关。然而，随着年龄的增长，即使是健康个体，睡眠质量和睡眠时间也会下降。与此同时，单词检索和新单词学习方面的缺陷也会出现。然而，与年龄相关的语言能力变化是否与睡眠变化有关尚不清楚。本综述的目的是研究一生中语言学习和睡眠的变化。我们探讨衰老过程中出现的睡眠损害如何影响学习新单词的能力和语义泛化能力，并提出假设以推动该领域未来的研究。
