Kashiwagi T
Yodogawa Christian Hospital.
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1989 Apr;16(4 Pt 2-1):1038-43.
Hospice is a program which aims at increasing the quality of life of terminally ill cancer patients. For this purpose the following four factors are important. (1) Symptom control: If patients have pain and other uncomfortable symptoms, they cannot experience life to the fullest; therefore the quality of life for them retrogresses to a low level. (2) Good communication: Good and meaningful communication between patient and family, patient and staff, and family and staff is the key. (3) Individualized care: Even if patients become very weak, they still have ability to do certain things. It is very important for staff to find out the level of the patient's ability so that they can give the patient opportunities to utilize the ability remaining. (4) Spiritual care: If patients have fear of death, concerns about life after death, guilt feelings, etc., assistance and care from the chaplain becomes important.
临终关怀是一个旨在提高晚期癌症患者生活质量的项目。为此，以下四个因素很重要。（1）症状控制：如果患者有疼痛和其他不适症状，他们就无法充分体验生活；因此，他们的生活质量会倒退到较低水平。（2）良好沟通：患者与家人、患者与医护人员以及家人与医护人员之间良好且有意义的沟通是关键。（3）个性化护理：即使患者变得非常虚弱，他们仍然有能力做某些事情。医护人员找出患者的能力水平非常重要，这样他们就能给患者机会利用剩余的能力。（4）精神关怀：如果患者对死亡感到恐惧、对死后生活感到担忧、有内疚感等，牧师的帮助和关怀就变得很重要。
