Ballmer P E, Reinhart W H
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Berne, Inselspital, Switzerland.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1989;24(2):109-12. doi: 10.1007/BF00263130.
Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent with a high emetic potential; it can lead to hypomagnesemia, which is caused by a renal wasting. Because of beneficial effects of magnesium in the therapy of motor disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract and its sedative, anticonvulsive effect in eclampsia, we tested parenteral magnesium sulfate as a potential antiemetic in patients receiving cisplatin. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, cross-over study was carried out in 20 patients receiving greater than or equal to 60 mg/m2 cisplatin. A standard antiemetic regimen consisting of a single dose of 10 mg diazepam and five times 0.5 mg/kg metoclopramide (every 2 h) was used. Simultaneously, 8 g magnesium sulfate or isotonic sodium chloride was infused over 4.5 h. The efficacy of magnesium was analyzed with an emetic score system; no difference was found between magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride. Only two patients were hypomagnesemic, and they had a better emetic score with the magnesium infusion. We conclude that the i.v. administration of magnesium during cisplatin therapy has no antiemetic effect, at least in normomagnesemic patients.
顺铂是一种具有高度致吐潜力的化疗药物；它可导致低镁血症，这是由肾脏排镁过多引起的。鉴于镁对治疗上消化道运动障碍有益，且对子痫有镇静、抗惊厥作用，我们测试了静脉注射硫酸镁对接受顺铂治疗患者的潜在止吐效果。对20例接受顺铂剂量大于或等于60mg/m²的患者进行了一项前瞻性、随机、双盲、交叉研究。采用由单剂量10mg地西泮和五次0.5mg/kg甲氧氯普胺（每2小时一次）组成的标准止吐方案。同时，在4.5小时内输注8g硫酸镁或等渗氯化钠。用呕吐评分系统分析镁的疗效；硫酸镁和氯化钠之间未发现差异。只有两名患者出现低镁血症，他们在输注镁时呕吐评分较好。我们得出结论，在顺铂治疗期间静脉注射镁至少在血镁正常的患者中没有止吐作用。
