Cauley Linda S
Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Medical School, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
J Leukoc Biol. 2016 Nov;100(5):905-912. doi: 10.1189/jlb.1MR0216-074R. Epub 2016 Jun 17.
Tissue-resident memory CD8 T cells (T) provide preemptive immunity against infections that begin in peripheral tissues by guarding the site of initial pathogen exposure. Their role in immunity to respiratory virus infection is particularly important because severe damage to the alveoli can be avoided when local populations of T cells reduce viral burdens and dampen the responses of effector CD8 T cells in the lungs. Although a connection between rapid immune activation and early viral control is well established, the signals that keep T cells poised for action in the local tissues remain poorly defined. Recent studies have shown that environmental cues influence the fate decisions of activated CTLs during memory formation. Manipulation of these signaling pathways could provide new ways to capitalize on protection from T cells in mucosal tissues, while reducing collateral damage and pathology during vaccination.
组织驻留记忆性CD8 T细胞（T细胞）通过守护初始病原体暴露部位，对始于外周组织的感染提供抢先免疫。它们在抵抗呼吸道病毒感染的免疫中所起的作用尤为重要，因为当局部T细胞群体降低病毒载量并抑制肺部效应性CD8 T细胞的反应时，可避免肺泡受到严重损伤。虽然快速免疫激活与早期病毒控制之间的联系已得到充分证实，但使T细胞在局部组织中随时准备行动的信号仍不清楚。最近的研究表明，环境线索在记忆形成过程中影响活化的细胞毒性T淋巴细胞的命运决定。操纵这些信号通路可为利用黏膜组织中T细胞的保护作用提供新方法，同时减少疫苗接种期间的附带损伤和病理变化。
