大脑网络架构的重新配置以支持衰老过程中的执行控制。
Reconfiguration of brain network architecture to support executive control in aging.
作者信息
Gallen Courtney L, Turner Gary R, Adnan Areeba, D'Esposito Mark
机构信息
Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Department of Psychology, Sherman Health Sciences Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
出版信息
Neurobiol Aging. 2016 Aug;44:42-52. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.04.003. Epub 2016 Apr 20.
Aging is accompanied by declines in executive control abilities and changes in underlying brain network architecture. Here, we examined brain networks in young and older adults during a task-free resting state and an N-back task and investigated age-related changes in the modular network organization of the brain. Compared with young adults, older adults showed larger changes in network organization between resting state and task. Although young adults exhibited increased connectivity between lateral frontal regions and other network modules during the most difficult task condition, older adults also exhibited this pattern of increased connectivity during less-demanding task conditions. Moreover, the increase in between-module connectivity in older adults was related to faster task performance and greater fractional anisotropy of the superior longitudinal fasciculus. These results demonstrate that older adults who exhibit more pronounced network changes between a resting state and task have better executive control performance and greater structural connectivity of a core frontal-posterior white matter pathway.
衰老伴随着执行控制能力的下降以及潜在脑网络结构的变化。在此，我们在无任务静息状态和N-back任务期间对年轻人和老年人的脑网络进行了检查，并研究了与年龄相关的大脑模块化网络组织变化。与年轻人相比，老年人在静息状态和任务之间的网络组织变化更大。尽管年轻人在最困难的任务条件下外侧额叶区域与其他网络模块之间的连通性增加，但老年人在要求较低的任务条件下也表现出这种连通性增加的模式。此外，老年人模块间连通性的增加与更快的任务表现以及上纵束更大的分数各向异性有关。这些结果表明，在静息状态和任务之间表现出更明显网络变化的老年人具有更好的执行控制表现以及核心前后白质通路更大的结构连通性。
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