Lu Kim D, Billimek John, Bar-Yoseph Ronen, Radom-Aizik Shlomit, Cooper Dan M, Anton-Culver Hoda
Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA.
Health Policy Research Institute and Division of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA.
J Pediatr. 2016 Sep;176:36-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.05.050. Epub 2016 Jun 16.
To evaluate the relationship of fitness and obesity on asthma risk in adolescent girls and boys.
A cross-sectional assessment of participants 12-19 years of age was conducted by the use of data from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants completed cardiorespiratory fitness testing, body composition measurements, and respiratory questionnaires.
A total of 4828 participants were included. Overweight/obesity was associated with increased odds of history of asthma (aOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.16-2.30), current asthma (aOR 1.73, 95% CI 1.13, 2.64), and wheezing (aOR 1.40, 95% CI 1.03-1.91) in girls. Overweight/obesity also was associated with increased odds of asthma attacks (aOR 2.67, 95% CI 1.56-4.65) and wheezing related to exercise (aOR 1.60, 95% CI 1.07-2.38) in girls. High fitness was associated with lower odds of asthma-related visits to the emergency department (aOR 0.24, 95% CI 0.07-0.89), wheezing-related medical visits (aOR 0.31, 95% CI 0.13-0.75), wheezing-related missed days (aOR 0.14, 95% CI 0.06-0.33), and wheezing related to exercise (aOR 0.43, 95% CI 0.24-0.76) in boys.
Overweight/obesity is associated with increased asthma prevalence and morbidity in girls but not in boys, independent of fitness. High fitness is associated with decreased rates of asthma morbidity in boys but not in girls, independent of weight status. Obesity and fitness may each influence asthma onset and severity in different ways for girls compared with boys.
评估青少年女孩和男孩的健康状况及肥胖与哮喘风险之间的关系。
利用1999 - 2004年国家健康与营养检查调查的数据，对12至19岁的参与者进行横断面评估。参与者完成了心肺适能测试、身体成分测量和呼吸问卷。
共纳入4828名参与者。超重/肥胖与女孩哮喘病史几率增加相关（调整后比值比[aOR]为1.63，95%置信区间[CI]为1.16 - 2.30）、当前哮喘几率增加相关（aOR为1.73，95% CI为1.13 - 2.64）以及喘息几率增加相关（aOR为1.40，95% CI为1.03 - 1.91）。超重/肥胖还与女孩哮喘发作几率增加相关（aOR为2.67，95% CI为1.56 - 4.65）以及与运动相关的喘息几率增加相关（aOR为1.60，95% CI为1.07 - 2.38）。高健康水平与男孩因哮喘相关而前往急诊科就诊的几率降低相关（aOR为0.24，95% CI为0.07 - 0.89）、与喘息相关的就医几率降低相关（aOR为0.31，95% CI为0.13 - 0.75）、与喘息相关的缺课天数几率降低相关（aOR为0.14，95% CI为0.06 - 0.33）以及与运动相关的喘息几率降低相关（aOR为0.43，95% CI为0.24 - 0.76）。
超重/肥胖与女孩哮喘患病率和发病率增加相关，但与男孩无关，且不受健康状况影响。高健康水平与男孩哮喘发病率降低相关，但与女孩无关，且不受体重状况影响。与男孩相比，肥胖和健康状况可能分别以不同方式影响女孩哮喘的发病和严重程度。
