Badier M, Jammes Y, Romero-Colomer P, Lemerre C
Laboratoire de Médecine Expérimentale, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1989 Apr;66(4):1613-9. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1989.66.4.1613.
In anesthetized rabbits, direct and integrated phrenic neurogram (Ephr) and electromyograms from the diaphragm (Edi) and intercostal (Eic) (2nd space) and transversus abdominis muscles (Etr) were simultaneously recorded in two protocols. 1) In animals breathing spontaneously, we used infinite inspiratory (RI) or expiratory (RE) resistive load and intravenous injections of carbachol, histamine, or phenyl diguanide (PDG). All circumstances except RE evoked tonic activities in Ephr, Edi, and Eic but never in Etr. Intravenous atropine abolished carbachol-induced bronchoconstriction and associated tonic inspiratory activities, but this effect persisted with RI, histamine, and PDG. Selective procaine block of conduction in thin vagal fibers (with persistence of the Breuer-Hering inflation reflex) reduced or suppressed the tonic response, which was abolished in all cases after vagotomy. 2) In rabbits artificially ventilated with open chest, passive deflation of the lung or intravenous injections of histamine or PDG also produced tonic discharge in Ephr and often in Eic. The present results demonstrate that 1) stimulation of vagal afferents and mostly thin sensory fibers elicits tonic inspiratory discharges, 2) bronchoconstriction is not necessary for the induction of the response, and 3) reflexes from the chest wall do not mediate this response in rabbits.
在麻醉兔中，采用两种方案同时记录膈神经直接和整合电图（Ephr）、膈肌（Edi）和肋间肌（Eic，第二肋间间隙）以及腹横肌（Etr）的肌电图。1）在自主呼吸的动物中，我们使用无限吸气（RI）或呼气（RE）阻力负荷，并静脉注射卡巴胆碱、组胺或苯双胍（PDG）。除RE外，所有情况均在Ephr、Edi和Eic中诱发强直性活动，但从未在Etr中诱发。静脉注射阿托品可消除卡巴胆碱诱导的支气管收缩及相关的强直性吸气活动，但RI、组胺和PDG引起的效应仍然存在。选择性普鲁卡因阻断细迷走神经纤维的传导（保留布雷尔-黑林充气反射）可减少或抑制强直性反应，迷走神经切断术后所有情况下该反应均消失。2）在开胸人工通气的兔中，肺被动萎陷或静脉注射组胺或PDG也会在Ephr中产生强直性放电，且常发生在Eic中。目前的结果表明：1）迷走神经传入纤维尤其是细感觉纤维的刺激可引发强直性吸气放电；2）诱导该反应不一定需要支气管收缩；3）胸壁反射在兔中不介导这种反应。
