Wang Y, Yuan Y, Liu B, Zhang Z, Yue T
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.
J Appl Microbiol. 2016 Nov;121(5):1384-1393. doi: 10.1111/jam.13208. Epub 2016 Sep 20.
This study was conducted to evaluate the biocontrol potential of Bacillus subtilis CICC 10034, Rhodobacter sphaeroides CGMCC 1.2182 and Agrobacterium tumefaciens CGMCC 1.2554 against patulin (PAT)-producer Penicillium expansum and their ability to remove PAT.
Bacillus subtilis effectively inhibited P. expansum both on apples and in in vitro experiments, which reduced the rot diameter on apples by 38% compared with the control. The reduction was followed by those induced by A. tumefaciens (27·63%) and R. sphaeroides (23·67%). None of the cell-free supernatant (CFS) was able to prevent pathogen growth. Three antagonists could suppress PAT production by P. expansum on apples by 98·5, 93·7 and 94·99% after treatment with B. subtilis, R. sphaeroides and A. tumefaciens respectively. In addition, the three strains led to a 0·56-1·47 log CFU g reduction in colony number of P. expansum on apples. Survival of antagonists on apple wounds revealed their tolerance to PAT. Furthermore, both live and autoclaved cells of three strains efficiently adsorbed artificially spiked PAT from medium.
The selected antagonists could be applied before harvesting to control apple infection by PAT-producing fungi and also during processing to act as PAT detoxifiers.
Since little information related to the capability of R. sphaeroides and A. tumefaciens to inhibit P. expansum is currently available, the results of this study provide some new perspectives to the biocontrol field.
本研究旨在评估枯草芽孢杆菌CICC 10034、球形红细菌CGMCC 1.2182和根癌土壤杆菌CGMCC 1.2554对产棒曲霉素（PAT）的扩展青霉的生物防治潜力及其去除PAT的能力。
枯草芽孢杆菌在苹果和体外实验中均能有效抑制扩展青霉，与对照相比，苹果上的腐烂直径减少了38%。其次是根癌土壤杆菌（27.63%）和球形红细菌（23.67%）引起的减少。无细胞上清液（CFS）均不能阻止病原菌生长。用枯草芽孢杆菌、球形红细菌和根癌土壤杆菌处理后，三种拮抗菌分别可使扩展青霉在苹果上的PAT产生量抑制98.5%、93.7%和94.99%。此外，这三种菌株使苹果上扩展青霉的菌落数减少了0.56 - 1.47 log CFU/g。拮抗菌在苹果伤口上的存活表明它们对PAT具有耐受性。此外，三种菌株的活细胞和高压灭菌细胞均能有效吸附培养基中人工添加的PAT。
所选拮抗菌可在收获前应用于控制产PAT真菌对苹果的感染，也可在加工过程中用作PAT解毒剂。
由于目前关于球形红细菌和根癌土壤杆菌抑制扩展青霉能力的信息较少，本研究结果为生物防治领域提供了一些新的视角。
