Jubin T, Kadam A, Jariwala M, Bhatt S, Sutariya S, Gani A R, Gautam S, Begum R
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.
Cell Prolif. 2016 Aug;49(4):421-37. doi: 10.1111/cpr.12268. Epub 2016 Jun 22.
PARP family members can be found spread across all domains and continue to be essential molecules from lower to higher eukaryotes. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), newly termed ADP-ribosyltransferase D-type 1 (ARTD1), is a ubiquitously expressed ADP-ribosyltransferase (ART) enzyme involved in key cellular processes such as DNA repair and cell death. This review assesses current developments in PARP-1 biology and activation signals for PARP-1, other than conventional DNA damage activation. Moreover, many essential functions of PARP-1 still remain elusive. PARP-1 is found to be involved in a myriad of cellular events via conservation of genomic integrity, chromatin dynamics and transcriptional regulation. This article briefly focuses on its other equally important overlooked functions during growth, metabolic regulation, spermatogenesis, embryogenesis, epigenetics and differentiation. Understanding the role of PARP-1, its multidimensional regulatory mechanisms in the cell and its dysregulation resulting in diseased states, will help in harnessing its true therapeutic potential.
PARP家族成员广泛分布于所有生物域，并且仍然是从低等真核生物到高等真核生物的必需分子。聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶1（PARP-1），新命名为ADP-核糖基转移酶D型1（ARTD1），是一种广泛表达的ADP-核糖基转移酶（ART），参与DNA修复和细胞死亡等关键细胞过程。本综述评估了PARP-1生物学的当前进展以及PARP-1的激活信号，而非传统的DNA损伤激活。此外，PARP-1的许多重要功能仍然难以捉摸。PARP-1通过保护基因组完整性、染色质动力学和转录调控参与众多细胞事件。本文简要关注其在生长、代谢调节、精子发生、胚胎发生、表观遗传学和分化过程中其他同样重要但被忽视的功能。了解PARP-1的作用、其在细胞中的多维调控机制以及导致疾病状态的失调，将有助于发挥其真正的治疗潜力。
