Knechtle Beat, Nikolaidis Pantelis T, Rosemann Thomas, Rüst Christoph A
1 Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen, St. Gallen.
2 Institut für Hausarztmedizin, Universität Zürich.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 2016 Jun 22;105(13):761-73. doi: 10.1024/1661-8157/a002369.
Every year, thousands of triathletes try to qualify for the «Ironman Hawaii» (3,8 km swimming, 180 km cycling and 42,195 km running), the World Championship of long-distance triathletes. In this overview, we present the recent findings in literature with the most important variables with an influence on Ironman triathlon performance. The most important performance-influencing factors for a fast Ironman race time for both women and men are a large training volume and a high intensity in training, a large volume being more important than a high intensity, a low percentage of body fat, an ideal age of 30–35 years, a fast personal best in the Olympic distance triathlon (1,5 km swimming, 40 km cycling and 10 km running), a fast personal best in marathon running and origin from the United States of America.
每年，数千名铁人三项运动员试图获得“夏威夷铁人三项赛”（3.8公里游泳、180公里自行车骑行和42.195公里跑步）的参赛资格，这是长距离铁人三项运动员的世界锦标赛。在本综述中，我们呈现了文献中关于影响铁人三项赛表现的最重要变量的最新研究结果。对于男女选手而言，实现快速铁人三项赛成绩的最重要表现影响因素包括大量的训练量和高强度训练，训练量比高强度更重要，低体脂率，理想年龄为30至35岁，在奥运距离铁人三项赛（1.5公里游泳、40公里自行车骑行和10公里跑步）中取得快速的个人最佳成绩，在马拉松跑中取得快速的个人最佳成绩以及来自美国。
