Axt S, Johannink J, Storz P, Mees S T, Röth A A, Kirschniak A
Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Klinikum der Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Deutschland.
Chirurgische Arbeitsgemeinschaft "Junge Chirurgen", Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Berlin, Deutschland.
Zentralbl Chir. 2016 Jun;141(3):290-6. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-102966. Epub 2016 Jun 22.
In-house surgical education and practical training of surgical skills are inhomogeneous in German hospitals and vary greatly in terms of teaching content and forms. The present survey provides an overview of the currently practiced surgical education and practical training of surgical skills in German hospitals.
An online survey was performed among members of the "Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie" (DGAV). It was a prospective data collection, divided into the following two groups: "junior physicians/consultants/senior physicians" and "chief physicians". The questionnaire consisted of 30 questions concerning the frequency, type and quality of in-house surgical education and practical training of surgical skills in German hospitals.
A total of 325 physicians participated in the survey, including 61 chief physicians and 264 junior physicians/consultants/senior physicians. Amongst the participants, 107 (33 %) worked in university hospitals, 57 (18 %) in maximum care clinics, 73 (22 %) in major regional hospitals with specialised medical services and 88 (27 %) in basic care facilities. 199 (75.4 %) of the junior physicians/consultants/senior physicians reported a regular, 57 (21.6 %) an irregular and 8 (3.0 %) no formal surgical education or practical training of surgical skills in their hospitals. Assistance in substeps of an operation was considered to be very important by 72 % of the survey participants. Similarly, 71 % rated the practical teaching of basic surgical skills as very important. Furthermore, we investigated the availability of theoretical and practical training offerings as well as satisfaction with educational measures and their importance as assessed by the respondents.
The present survey illustrates the current state of surgical education and training in German hospitals. An implementation of pragmatic approaches such as the assistance in substeps of an operation and guided practical training of surgical skills might help to improve the satisfaction of physicians undergoing surgical training.
德国医院内部的外科教育和外科技能实践培训并不统一，在教学内容和形式方面差异很大。本次调查概述了德国医院目前实施的外科教育和外科技能实践培训情况。
对“德国普通和内脏外科学会”（DGAV）的成员进行了一项在线调查。这是一项前瞻性数据收集，分为以下两组：“初级医师/顾问医师/高级医师”和“主任医师”。问卷包括30个问题，涉及德国医院内部外科教育和外科技能实践培训的频率、类型和质量。
共有325名医师参与了调查，其中包括61名主任医师和264名初级医师/顾问医师/高级医师。在参与者中，107人（33%）在大学医院工作，57人（18%）在重症监护病房工作，73人（22%）在提供专科医疗服务的大型地区医院工作，88人（27%）在基层医疗机构工作。199名（75.4%）初级医师/顾问医师/高级医师报告称其所在医院有定期的外科技能正规教育或实践培训，57名（21.6%）报告有不定期的培训，8名（3.0%）报告没有正规的外科技能教育或实践培训。72%的调查参与者认为手术子步骤的协助非常重要。同样，71%的人认为基本外科技能的实践教学非常重要。此外，我们还调查了理论和实践培训课程的可用性，以及受访者对教育措施的满意度及其重要性。
本次调查说明了德国医院外科教育和培训的现状。实施诸如手术子步骤协助和外科技能指导实践培训等务实方法可能有助于提高接受外科培训医师的满意度。
