Storck Michael, Black Laura, Liddell Morgan
Department of Child Psychiatry, Seattle Children's Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
New York University, Department of Psychiatry, One Park Avenue, 8 th floor, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2016 Jul;25(3):497-508. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2016.03.007.
Inhalant abuse is the intentional inhalation of a volatile substance for the purpose of achieving an altered mental state. As an important, yet underrecognized form of substance abuse, inhalant abuse crosses all demographic, ethnic, and socioeconomic boundaries, causing significant morbidity and mortality in school-aged and older children. This review presents current perspectives on epidemiology, detection, and clinical challenges of inhalant abuse and offers advice regarding the medical and mental health providers' roles in the prevention and management of this substance abuse problem. Also discussed is the misuse of a specific "over-the-counter" dissociative, dextromethorphan.
吸入剂滥用是指为了达到精神状态改变的目的而故意吸入挥发性物质。作为一种重要但未得到充分认识的物质滥用形式，吸入剂滥用跨越了所有人口统计学、种族和社会经济界限，在学龄儿童和大龄儿童中导致了显著的发病率和死亡率。本综述介绍了关于吸入剂滥用的流行病学、检测及临床挑战的当前观点，并就医疗和心理健康服务提供者在预防和管理这一物质滥用问题中所扮演的角色提供建议。文中还讨论了一种特定的“非处方”解离性药物右美沙芬的滥用情况。
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