Zimmerberg B, Mattson S, Riley E P
Department of Psychology, State University of New York, Albany 12222.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1989 Jan;32(1):293-9. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(89)90246-3.
The effects of prenatal exposure to ethanol on an alternation test were examined in adult Long Evans rats from three prenatal treatment groups: prenatal alcohol exposed (35% ethanol-derived calories, 35% EDC), nutritional control (0% ethanol-derived calories, 0% EDC) or standard control (lab chow, LC). Subjects were trained to alternate presses on levers to the left and right of a center food trough. Prenatal treatment did not affect the acquisition of this spatial alternation task. However, during the asymptotic performance phase of the task, subjects prenatally exposed to alcohol received fewer rewards and made more errors compared to the two control groups, which did not differ from each other. Even when test sessions were limited to 10 min, performance deficits in the 35% EDC group persisted. When visual cues were made available above the correct bar in a second experiment, performance deficits in alcohol-exposed subjects were no longer apparent. Marked sex differences were also noted in this task: males received more reinforcements, but also made more errors. Prenatal alcohol exposure may disrupt the normal development of behavioral laterality subserving position preferences, and this disruption may partly explain why performance of some spatial tasks is particularly sensitive to the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure.
在成年Long Evans大鼠中，研究了产前暴露于乙醇对交替试验的影响，这些大鼠来自三个产前治疗组：产前酒精暴露组（35%乙醇衍生热量，35% EDC）、营养对照组（0%乙醇衍生热量，0% EDC）或标准对照组（实验室饲料，LC）。训练受试者交替按压位于中央食物槽左右两侧的杠杆。产前治疗不影响该空间交替任务的习得。然而，在任务的渐近表现阶段，与两个对照组相比，产前暴露于酒精的受试者获得的奖励更少，犯的错误更多，而两个对照组之间没有差异。即使测试时间限制在10分钟，35% EDC组的表现缺陷仍然存在。在第二个实验中，当在正确的杠杆上方提供视觉线索时，酒精暴露受试者的表现缺陷不再明显。在这项任务中还发现了明显的性别差异：雄性获得更多强化，但也犯更多错误。产前酒精暴露可能会扰乱行为偏侧性的正常发育，而行为偏侧性有助于位置偏好，这种扰乱可能部分解释了为什么某些空间任务的表现对产前酒精暴露的影响特别敏感。
