Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Ewha Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
Environ Int. 2016 Sep;94:591-599. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.06.021. Epub 2016 Jun 22.
Concerns over adverse effects of air pollution on children's health have been rapidly rising. However, the effects of air pollution on childhood growth remain to be poorly studied. We investigated the association between prenatal and postnatal exposure to PM10 and children's weight from birth to 60months of age. This birth cohort study evaluated 1129 mother-child pairs in South Korea. Children's weight was measured at birth and at six, 12, 24, 36, and 60months. The average levels of children's exposure to particulate matter up to 10μm in diameter (PM10) were estimated during pregnancy and during the period between each visit until 60months of age. Exposure to PM10 during pregnancy lowered children's weight at 12months. PM10 exposure from seven to 12months negatively affected weight at 12, 36, and 60months. Repeated measures of PM10 and weight from 12 to 60months revealed a negative association between postnatal exposure to PM10 and children's weight. Children continuously exposed to a high level of PM10 (>50μg/m(3)) from pregnancy to 24months of age had weight z-scores of 60 that were 0.44 times lower than in children constantly exposed to a lower level of PM10 (≤50μg/m(3)) for the same period. Furthermore, growth was more vulnerable to PM10 exposure in children with birth weight <3.3kg than in children with birth weight >3.3kg. Air pollution may delay growth in early childhood and exposure to air pollution may be more harmful to children when their birth weight is low.
人们对空气污染对儿童健康的不良影响的担忧迅速增加。然而，空气污染对儿童生长的影响仍研究不足。我们调查了产前和产后暴露于 PM10 与儿童从出生到 60 个月体重之间的关系。这项出生队列研究评估了韩国的 1129 对母婴对。在出生时和 6、12、24、36 和 60 个月时测量儿童的体重。在怀孕期间和每次就诊期间到 60 个月之间，估计了儿童对直径达 10μm 的颗粒物（PM10）的暴露的平均水平。怀孕期间暴露于 PM10 会降低儿童 12 个月时的体重。7 至 12 个月的 PM10 暴露会对 12、36 和 60 个月时的体重产生负面影响。从 12 到 60 个月的 PM10 和体重的重复测量显示，产后暴露于 PM10 与儿童体重之间存在负相关。从怀孕到 24 个月持续暴露于 PM10 （>50μg/m³）高水平的儿童，其体重 z 分数为 60，比同一时期持续暴露于 PM10 （≤50μg/m³）低水平的儿童低 0.44 倍。此外，与出生体重 >3.3kg 的儿童相比，出生体重 <3.3kg 的儿童对 PM10 暴露更敏感。空气污染可能会延迟儿童早期的生长，而当儿童的出生体重较低时，暴露于空气污染可能对儿童的危害更大。
