Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Korea.
Central Hospice Center, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Feb 21;16(4):633. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16040633.
Air pollution has become a global concern due to its association with numerous health effects. We aimed to assess associations between birth outcomes in Korea, such as preterm births and birth weight in term infants, and particulate matter < 10 µm (PM). Records from 1,742,183 single births in 2010⁻2013 were evaluated. Mean PM concentrations during pregnancy were calculated and matched to birth data by registered regions. We analyzed the frequency of birth outcomes between groups using WHO criteria for PM concentrations with effect sizes estimated using multivariate logistic regression. Women exposed to PM > 70 µg/m³ during pregnancy had a higher rate of preterm births than women exposed to PM ≤ 70 µg/m³ (7.4% vs. 4.7%, < 0.001; adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.570; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.487⁻1.656). The rate of low birth weight in term infants increased when women were exposed to PM > 70 µg/m³ (1.9% vs. 1.7%, = 0.278), but this difference was not statistically significant (aOR 1.060, 95% CI: 0.953⁻1.178). In conclusion, PM exposure > 70 µg/m³ was associated with preterm births. Further studies are needed to explore the pathophysiologic mechanisms and guide policy development to prevent future adverse effects on birth outcomes.
由于与许多健康影响有关，空气污染已成为全球关注的问题。我们旨在评估韩国出生结果（例如早产和足月婴儿的出生体重）与颗粒物<10 µm（PM）之间的关联。评估了 2010-2013 年期间 1,742,183 例单胎出生的记录。计算了怀孕期间的平均 PM 浓度，并通过注册地区与出生数据相匹配。我们使用 PM 浓度的世卫组织标准在组间分析了出生结果的频率，并使用多元逻辑回归估计了效应量。与暴露于 PM≤70 µg/m³的女性相比，怀孕期间暴露于 PM>70 µg/m³的女性早产率更高（7.4%比 4.7%，<0.001；调整后的优势比（aOR）为 1.570；95%置信区间（CI）：1.487-1.656）。当女性暴露于 PM>70 µg/m³时，足月婴儿的低出生体重率增加（1.9%比 1.7%，=0.278），但差异无统计学意义（aOR 1.060，95%CI：0.953-1.178）。总之，暴露于 PM>70 µg/m³与早产有关。需要进一步研究以探讨病理生理机制并指导政策制定，以防止未来对出生结果产生不利影响。
