de Wit Emmie, van Doremalen Neeltje, Falzarano Darryl, Munster Vincent J
Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, Montana 59840, USA.
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre and Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3, Canada.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2016 Aug;14(8):523-34. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro.2016.81. Epub 2016 Jun 27.
The emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 marked the second introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the human population in the twenty-first century. The continuing introductions of MERS-CoV from dromedary camels, the subsequent travel-related viral spread, the unprecedented nosocomial outbreaks and the high case-fatality rates highlight the need for prophylactic and therapeutic measures. Scientific advancements since the 2002-2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) pandemic allowed for rapid progress in our understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of MERS-CoV and the development of therapeutics. In this Review, we detail our present understanding of the transmission and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and discuss the current state of development of measures to combat emerging coronaviruses.
2012年中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）的出现标志着高致病性冠状病毒在21世纪第二次传入人类群体。单峰骆驼持续传播MERS-CoV，随后通过旅行导致病毒扩散，前所未有的医院内暴发以及高病死率凸显了采取预防和治疗措施的必要性。自2002 - 2003年严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）大流行以来的科学进展使我们在了解MERS-CoV的流行病学和发病机制以及开发治疗方法方面取得了快速进展。在本综述中，我们详细阐述了目前对SARS-CoV和MERS-CoV传播及发病机制的理解，并讨论了对抗新出现冠状病毒措施的当前发展状况。
