Egerton Alice, Valmaggia Lucia R, Howes Oliver D, Day Fern, Chaddock Christopher A, Allen Paul, Winton-Brown Toby T, Bloomfield Michael A P, Bhattacharyya Sagnik, Chilcott Jack, Lappin Julia M, Murray Robin M, McGuire Philip
King's College London, King's Health Partners, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK.
King's College London, King's Health Partners, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK.
Schizophr Res. 2016 Oct;176(2-3):171-176. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.06.005. Epub 2016 Jun 23.
Childhood adversity increases the risk of psychosis in adulthood. Theoretical and animal models suggest that this effect may be mediated by increased striatal dopamine neurotransmission. The primary objective of this study was to examine the relationship between adversity in childhood and striatal dopamine function in early adulthood. Secondary objectives were to compare exposure to childhood adversity and striatal dopamine function in young people at ultra high risk (UHR) of psychosis and healthy volunteers. Sixty-seven young adults, comprising 47 individuals at UHR for psychosis and 20 healthy volunteers were recruited from the same geographic area and were matched for age, gender and substance use. Presynaptic dopamine function in the associative striatum was assessed using 18F-DOPA positron emission tomography. Childhood adversity was assessed using the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse questionnaire. Within the sample as a whole, both severe physical or sexual abuse (T63=2.92; P=0.005), and unstable family arrangements (T57=2.80; P=0.007) in childhood were associated with elevated dopamine function in the associative striatum in adulthood. Comparison of the UHR and volunteer subgroups revealed similar incidence of childhood adverse experiences, and there was no significant group difference in dopamine function. This study provides evidence that childhood adversity is linked to elevated striatal dopamine function in adulthood.
童年期逆境会增加成年后患精神病的风险。理论模型和动物模型表明，这种影响可能是由纹状体多巴胺神经传递增加介导的。本研究的主要目的是探讨童年期逆境与成年早期纹状体多巴胺功能之间的关系。次要目的是比较精神病超高风险（UHR）青年人与健康志愿者童年期逆境暴露情况及纹状体多巴胺功能。从同一地理区域招募了67名青年成年人，其中包括47名UHR个体和20名健康志愿者，并在年龄、性别和物质使用方面进行了匹配。使用18F - DOPA正电子发射断层扫描评估联合纹状体中的突触前多巴胺功能。使用儿童期照料与虐待经历问卷评估童年期逆境。在整个样本中，童年期的严重身体虐待或性虐待（T63 = 2.92；P = 0.005）以及不稳定的家庭环境（T57 = 2.80；P = 0.007）均与成年期联合纹状体中多巴胺功能升高有关。UHR亚组和志愿者亚组的比较显示童年期不良经历的发生率相似，且多巴胺功能在两组之间无显著差异。本研究提供了证据表明童年期逆境与成年期纹状体多巴胺功能升高有关。
