Barthelemy Olivier J, Richardson Mark A, Cabral Howard J, Frank Deborah A
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2016 Nov-Dec;58:60-77. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2016.06.009. Epub 2016 Jun 23.
This manuscript reviews research exploring the relationship between prenatal, perinatal, and adolescent exposure to marijuana and aggressive behavior, including physical aggression. Areas of inquiry include animal research, as well as human research, on prenatal exposure and on marijuana use during adolescence. Potential psychosocial and psychopharmacological mechanisms are identified, as well as relevant confounds. The prenatal marijuana exposure literature provides minimal support for a direct relationship with aggressive behavior in childhood. The adolescent use literature suggests a marginal (at best) association between acute intoxication and aggressive behavior, and an association between chronic use and aggressive behavior heavily influenced by demographic variables, rather than direct, psychopharmacological mechanisms. Cannabis withdrawal symptoms also may include aggression and anger, but there is little evidence to suggest that these effects are large or specific to withdrawal from marijuana compared to other substances. This review will offer recommendations for clinical care and public policy, as well as important questions for future research.
本手稿回顾了有关产前、围产期和青少年期接触大麻与攻击性行为（包括身体攻击）之间关系的研究。研究领域包括关于产前接触以及青少年期使用大麻的动物研究和人体研究。确定了潜在的社会心理和心理药理学机制以及相关混杂因素。产前接触大麻的文献对其与儿童期攻击性行为的直接关系支持甚少。青少年使用大麻的文献表明，急性中毒与攻击性行为之间存在微弱（充其量）的关联，而长期使用与攻击性行为之间的关联则在很大程度上受人口统计学变量影响，而非直接的心理药理学机制。大麻戒断症状也可能包括攻击性和愤怒，但几乎没有证据表明与其他物质相比，这些影响在大麻戒断时更大或更具特异性。本综述将为临床护理和公共政策提供建议，以及提出未来研究的重要问题。
