Hayashi Kanna, Daly-Grafstein Ben, Dong Huiru, Wood Evan, Kerr Thomas, DeBeck Kora
Research Scientist, BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Can J Public Health. 2016 Jun 27;107(1):e88-e93. doi: 10.17269/cjph.107.5219.
Street-involved youth are highly vulnerable to violence. While involvement in income-generating activities within illicit drug scenes is recognized as shaping youths' vulnerability to violence, the relative contributions of different income-generating activities remain understudied. We sought to examine the independent effects of drug dealing and sex work on experiencing violence among street-involved youth.
Data were derived from a prospective cohort of street-involved youth aged 14-26 who used drugs in Vancouver, British Columbia, between September 2005 and May 2014. Multivariable generalized estimating equations were used to examine the impact of involvement in drug dealing and sex work on experiencing violence.
Among 1,152 participants, including 364 (31.6%) women, 740 (64.2%) reported having experienced violence at some point during the study period. In multivariable analysis, involvement in drug dealing but not sex work remained independently associated with experiencing violence among females (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-1.90) and males (AOR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.25-1.80), while involvement in sex work only was not associated with violence among females (AOR: 1.15; 95% CI: 0.76-1.74) or males (AOR: 1.42; 95% CI: 0.81-2.48).
Findings indicate that involvement in drug dealing is a major factor associated with experiencing violence among our sample. In addition to conventional interventions, such as addiction treatment, novel approaches are needed to reduce the risk of violence for drug-using youth who are actively engaged in drug dealing. The potential for low-threshold employment and decriminalization of drug use to mitigate violence warrants further study.
涉足街头的青少年极易遭受暴力侵害。虽然参与非法毒品交易中的创收活动被认为会影响青少年遭受暴力侵害的易感性，但不同创收活动的相对影响仍未得到充分研究。我们试图研究毒品交易和性工作对涉足街头的青少年遭受暴力侵害的独立影响。
数据来自2005年9月至2014年5月间在不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华使用毒品的14至26岁涉足街头青少年的前瞻性队列研究。采用多变量广义估计方程来研究参与毒品交易和性工作对遭受暴力侵害的影响。
在1152名参与者中，包括364名（31.6%）女性，740名（64.2%）报告在研究期间的某个时候遭受过暴力侵害。在多变量分析中，参与毒品交易而非性工作与女性（调整后的优势比[AOR]：1.43；95%置信区间[CI]：1.08 - 1.90）和男性（AOR：1.50；95% CI：1.25 - 1.80）遭受暴力侵害仍独立相关，而仅参与性工作与女性（AOR：1.15；95% CI：0.76 - 1.74）或男性（AOR：1.42；95% CI：0.81 - 2.48）的暴力侵害无关。
研究结果表明，参与毒品交易是我们样本中遭受暴力侵害的一个主要相关因素。除了传统干预措施，如成瘾治疗外，还需要新的方法来降低积极参与毒品交易的吸毒青少年遭受暴力侵害的风险。低门槛就业和毒品使用非刑事化减轻暴力侵害的可能性值得进一步研究。
