Wojtowicz Magdalena, Iverson Grant L, Silverberg Noah D, Mannix Rebekah, Zafonte Ross, Maxwell Bruce, Berkner Paul D
1 Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts.
2 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts.
J Neurotrauma. 2017 Jan 15;34(2):322-327. doi: 10.1089/neu.2016.4412. Epub 2016 Jul 28.
Relying on self-reported concussion injury history is common in both clinical care and research. However, young athletes may not provide consistent medical information. To date, little is known about the reliability of self-reported concussion history in high school students. This study examined whether student athletes reported their lifetime history of concussions consistently over time. Self-reported concussion history was examined in 4792 student athletes (ages 13-18) from Maine who completed a preseason health survey on two occasions (median re-test interval = 23.7 months; standard deviation = 7.3; interquartile range = 12.4-24.5). Consistency of self-reported concussion history was determined by differences in the number of concussions reported during the second survey. Inconsistent concussion history was defined primarily by a decrease in the number of lifetime concussions reported at the second testing, compared with at the first testing. The majority of the sample (80.3%) reported no change in the number of concussions between the two baseline assessments. A minority (15.9%; n = 763) reported more concussions during the second assessment. Only 3.8% (n = 181) of student athletes provided inconsistent concussion histories, defined as fewer concussions at the second assessment. Boys provided inconsistent concussion histories a little more frequently, compared with girls (5.3% and 2.0%, respectively; p < 0.001). Similarly, athletes with self-reported attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) provided inconsistent concussion histories somewhat more frequently, compared with those without ADHD (7.8% and 3.5%, respectively; p < 0.001). Of the athletes with inconsistent concussion histories, greater degree of inconsistency was associated with a greater number of concussions initially reported at baseline (r = 0.54; p < 0.001). Only a small proportion of student athletes provided inconsistent concussion histories. Male gender, ADHD, and greater number of baseline concussions were significantly associated with inconsistency in reporting. Overall, these findings suggest that student athletes are quite consistent when reporting their concussion history when surveyed twice during high school.
在临床护理和研究中，依靠自我报告的脑震荡损伤史很常见。然而，年轻运动员可能无法提供一致的医疗信息。到目前为止，对于高中生自我报告的脑震荡史的可靠性知之甚少。本研究调查了学生运动员在一段时间内是否一致地报告他们一生的脑震荡史。对来自缅因州的4792名学生运动员（年龄在13 - 18岁）进行了自我报告的脑震荡史调查，这些学生运动员两次完成了季前健康调查（中位重新测试间隔 = 23.7个月；标准差 = 7.3；四分位间距 = 12.4 - 24.5）。自我报告的脑震荡史的一致性通过第二次调查中报告的脑震荡数量差异来确定。不一致的脑震荡史主要定义为与第一次测试相比，第二次测试时报告的一生脑震荡数量减少。大多数样本（80.3%）报告两次基线评估之间的脑震荡数量没有变化。少数（15.9%；n = 763）在第二次评估时报告了更多的脑震荡。只有3.8%（n = 181）的学生运动员提供了不一致的脑震荡史，定义为第二次评估时脑震荡较少。与女孩相比，男孩提供不一致脑震荡史的频率略高（分别为5.3%和2.0%；p < 0.001）。同样，自我报告患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的运动员与没有ADHD的运动员相比，提供不一致脑震荡史的频率也略高（分别为7.8%和3.5%；p < 0.001）。在脑震荡史不一致的运动员中，不一致程度越高与基线时最初报告的脑震荡数量越多相关（r = 0.54；p < 0.001）。只有一小部分学生运动员提供了不一致的脑震荡史。男性、ADHD和基线时脑震荡数量较多与报告的不一致性显著相关。总体而言，这些发现表明，学生运动员在高中期间接受两次调查时，报告他们的脑震荡史时相当一致。
