Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Clin J Sport Med. 2020 Mar;30 Suppl 1:S69-S74. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000594.
Identifying personal characteristics associated with sustaining a concussion is of great interest, yet only a few have examined this in children. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between sex, neurodevelopmental disorders, health history, and lifetime history of self-reported concussion in 12- and 13-year-old athletes.
Cross-sectional study.
Middle schools.
Participants were 1744 twelve- and thirteen-year-old student athletes who completed preseason Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) testing, including a self-report questionnaire about previous concussions, developmental diagnoses, and previous medical treatment.
Age, sex, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning disabilities (LDs), and previous treatment for migraine.
Self-reported history of concussion.
A minority of athletes (13.7%) reported previous concussions (1 concussion, n = 181; 2 concussions, n = 41; and 3+ concussions, n = 17). A small proportion reported a history of ADHD (4.4%), LD (2.8%) or migraine treatment (4.0%). Higher rates of self-reported previous concussions were associated with male sex [16.9% vs 9.1%; χ(1) = 21.47, P < 0.001] and previous migraine treatment [31.9% vs 13.0%; χ(1) = 20.08, P < 0.001]. There were no differences in self-reported concussion history between 12- and 13-year olds (P = 0.18) and those with/without ADHD (P = 0.41) or LDs (P = 0.06). The overall logistic regression model was statistically significant [χ(5) = 42.01, P < 0.001] but explained only 4.3% of the variance. Previous treatment for migraine [P < 0.001, Exp(B) = 3.30] and male sex [P < 0.001, Exp(B) = 2.06] were independently associated with a self-reported concussion history, whereas age, LD, and ADHD were not (P's > 0.05).
Male sex and previous migraine treatment were associated with higher rates of self-reported previous concussions in both independent and multivariate models in middle school athletes, whereas age, ADHD, and LDs were not.
确定与脑震荡持续相关的个体特征是非常重要的，但只有少数研究在儿童中对此进行了研究。本研究的目的是调查 12 至 13 岁运动员中性别、神经发育障碍、健康史和终生自我报告脑震荡史之间的关联。
横断面研究。
中学。
1744 名 12 至 13 岁的学生运动员在季前完成即时后 concussion 评估和认知测试（ImPACT）测试，包括关于以前脑震荡、发育诊断和以前医疗治疗的自我报告问卷。
年龄、性别、注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）、学习障碍（LDs）和偏头痛的先前治疗。
自我报告的脑震荡史。
少数运动员（13.7%）报告了以前的脑震荡（1 次脑震荡，n=181；2 次脑震荡，n=41；3 次以上脑震荡，n=17）。一小部分报告有 ADHD（4.4%）、LD（2.8%）或偏头痛治疗（4.0%）史。自我报告的以前脑震荡发生率较高与男性（16.9%比 9.1%；χ（1）=21.47，P<0.001）和以前偏头痛治疗（31.9%比 13.0%；χ（1）=20.08，P<0.001）有关。12 岁和 13 岁之间（P=0.18）以及 ADHD（P=0.41）或 LDs（P=0.06）之间自我报告的脑震荡史无差异。总的逻辑回归模型具有统计学意义（χ（5）=42.01，P<0.001），但仅解释了 4.3%的方差。偏头痛的既往治疗（P<0.001，Exp（B）=3.30）和男性（P<0.001，Exp（B）=2.06）与自我报告的脑震荡史独立相关，而年龄、LD 和 ADHD 则无关（P>0.05）。
在中学运动员的独立和多变量模型中，男性和以前的偏头痛治疗与更高的自我报告以前脑震荡发生率相关，而年龄、ADHD 和 LDs 则没有。
