University of California, Berkeley, 2220 Piedmont Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
University of Minnesota, 3-150 321 19th Avenue S., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2016 Aug;20(8):579-588. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2016.05.012. Epub 2016 Jun 25.
The tipping point framework of lie detection posits that people can, and do, accurately detect deception. This framework pinpoints three circumstances that aid accuracy: (i) using methods of measurement that circumvent controlled, conscious cognition; (ii) when individual differences or situational factors portend potent risks to lie detection failure, such as in high-stakes or threatening settings; and (iii) when factors diminish concern over the relationship or reputation costs of asserting that someone has lied. We thus depict a psychological system that registers lie detection consistently in nonconscious reactions (e.g., brain based, bodily, indirect social evaluations) and that allows information into consciousness to inform overt assessments of lies when the costs of failing to detect deception exceed those of signaling distrust.
测谎的临界点框架假设人们能够且确实能够准确地检测到欺骗。该框架指出了三种有助于提高准确性的情况：(i) 使用规避控制的、有意识的认知的测量方法；(ii) 当个体差异或情境因素预示着可能导致测谎失败的潜在风险时，例如在高风险或威胁性的环境中；(iii) 当因素降低了对关系或声誉的关注时，即坚持说某人撒谎的成本。因此，我们描述了一个心理系统，它在无意识反应中（例如基于大脑的、身体的、间接的社会评价）一致地记录测谎，并且当未能检测到欺骗的成本超过发出不信任信号的成本时，它允许信息进入意识，从而告知对谎言的公开评估。
