Jian Hongying, Zhang Yonghong, Qiu Xianqin, Yan Huijun, Wang Qigang, Zhang Hao, Sun Hang
Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
National Engineering Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture / Flower Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China.
PLoS One. 2016 Jun 29;11(6):e0158586. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158586. eCollection 2016.
The Hengduan Mountains are the core of the Sino-Himalayan Floristic Region. Rosa soulieana Crép. is an important wild rose species that is widely distributed in the Hengduan Mountains. To provide better future utilization of this wild rose, and also to add some possible proof of the effect of geomorphological and ecological characteristics of the Hengduan Mountains on the current spatial distribution and genetic diversity of local species, the genetic diversity and genetic structure of 556 individuals from 37 populations of R. soulieana were studied using fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs). R. soulieana showed a moderately high level of genetic diversity and a high level of genetic differentiation at the species level. The total percentage of polymorphic loci, total heterozygosity (Ht), Shannon index (I), and heterozygosity value within populations (Hs) were 97.8%, 0.253, 0.339, and 0.139, respectively. More than half of the total genetic variation (54.0%) occurred within populations, and the overall gene differentiation coefficient (Gst) was 0.451. The genetic differentiation among populations was positively and significantly correlated with geographic distance. The neighbor-joining cluster and the Bayesian analysis divided all the populations and individuals into 3 groups, and did not support the morphology based intraspecific varieties. The results confirmed that the ancient R. soulieana of the third group survived in northwestern Yunnan and Yalongjiang valley and then moved upnorth along the valley. The spatial distribution of the other two groups was the result of allopatric divergence due to long period of adaptation to the different climatic conditions of its distribution at either side of the Yalongjiang River.
横断山脉是中国 - 喜马拉雅植物区系的核心地带。滇西北蔷薇（Rosa soulieana Crép.）是一种重要的野生蔷薇物种，广泛分布于横断山脉。为了更好地对这种野生蔷薇进行未来利用，并为横断山脉的地貌和生态特征对当地物种当前空间分布和遗传多样性的影响提供一些可能的证据，我们利用荧光扩增片段长度多态性（AFLP）技术研究了滇西北蔷薇37个种群中556个个体的遗传多样性和遗传结构。滇西北蔷薇在物种水平上表现出中等偏高的遗传多样性和较高的遗传分化水平。多态位点的总百分比、总杂合度（Ht）、香农指数（I）和种群内杂合度值（Hs）分别为97.8%、0.253、0.339和0.139。超过一半的总遗传变异（54.0%）发生在种群内部，整体基因分化系数（Gst）为0.451。种群间的遗传分化与地理距离呈显著正相关。邻接法聚类和贝叶斯分析将所有种群和个体分为3组，不支持基于形态学的种内变种划分。结果证实，第三组的古老滇西北蔷薇在云南西北部和雅砻江流域存活下来，然后沿河谷向北迁移。另外两组的空间分布是由于长期适应雅砻江两岸不同气候条件而发生异域分化的结果。
