George Vazhappilly Cijo, Vijesh Vijayabhavanath Vijayakumaran, Amararathna Dehigaspege Inoka Madumani, Lakshmi Chelakkot Ayshwarya, Anbarasu Kannan, Kumar Devanga Ragupathi Naveen, Ethiraj Kannatt Radhakrishnan, Kumar Rangasamy Ashok, Rupasinghe H P Vasantha
Department of Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Truro, Canada.
Curr Med Chem. 2016;23(32):3697-3716. doi: 10.2174/0929867323666160627110342.
Skin cancer in humans represents about 30% of all new cancers and is by far the most common malignancy in the Caucasian population. Exposure to radiations especially ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation is the major cause for development of skin cancers along with other chemical or biological factors. The growing incidence rates of skin cancer around the world, demand the need for new treatment options. Understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of skin cancer is therefore crucial for developing an effective drug against this prevailing disease. Medicinal plants are rich with numerous secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, which are now known to treat various chronic diseases, including inflammations and cancers. Flavonoids are sub-classified in to flavones, flavonols, iosflavones, flavanones, flavanols and anthocyanidins. They act on different targets including scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), regulation of the cell cycle, and initiation of DNA repair mechanisms, apoptotic induction and inhibition of metastasis. Innumerable evidence suggested that an increased consumption of flavonoid-rich fruits and vegetables rendered DNA protection to normal skin exposed to carcinogens such as UV-B radiation. Flavonoids also showed the potential to induce cell death mechanisms in melanoma, the most dreadful form of skin cancer. This comprehensive review presents flavonoids and their mechanism of action in relation to inflammation and skin cancer management.
人类皮肤癌约占所有新发癌症的30%，是迄今为止白种人最常见的恶性肿瘤。除其他化学或生物因素外，暴露于辐射尤其是紫外线B（UV-B）辐射是皮肤癌发生的主要原因。全球皮肤癌发病率不断上升，需要新的治疗选择。因此，了解皮肤癌的病因和发病机制对于开发治疗这种常见疾病的有效药物至关重要。药用植物富含多种次生代谢产物，如黄酮类化合物，现已发现其可治疗各种慢性疾病，包括炎症和癌症。黄酮类化合物可细分为黄酮、黄酮醇、异黄酮、黄烷酮、黄烷醇和花青素。它们作用于不同靶点，包括清除活性氧（ROS）、调节细胞周期、启动DNA修复机制、诱导凋亡和抑制转移。大量证据表明，增加富含黄酮类化合物的水果和蔬菜的摄入量可为暴露于UV-B辐射等致癌物的正常皮肤提供DNA保护。黄酮类化合物还显示出在黑色素瘤（最可怕的皮肤癌形式）中诱导细胞死亡机制的潜力。这篇综述介绍了黄酮类化合物及其在炎症和皮肤癌治疗方面的作用机制。
