Guo Pingting, Li Yuan, Eslamfam Shabnam, Ding Wei, Ma Xi
State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No 2. Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193. China.
Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Hospital of Peking University, North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191. China.
Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2017;18(6):609-618. doi: 10.2174/1389203717666160627084304.
Glucose and lipid are the major energy sources, and pivotal components of organic metabolism in mammals. Inappropriate diet directly influences the metabolic rate, and can alter the body's homeostasis. The underlying changes in energy storage and utilization would manifest as metabolic syndrome including obesity and high blood pressure, and high blood glucose, which are predisposing factors that significantly increase the risk for cardiovascular diseases and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Thus, it is essential to identify the genes that are involved in the process of glucose and lipid metabolism. Utilizing current advanced scientific methodology and technology, as well as computational resources has led to discovery of many novel genes with major roles in energy metabolism. In addition, many studies have focused on the functional analysis of the novel genes. Nowadays, uncovering the genes that are involved in glucose and lipid storage and utilization, as well as underlying pathways that regulate expression of those genes is an area of ongoing research. Here, we summarize the current research related to the novel genes regulating glucose and lipid metabolisms, which enable us to develop more efficient means of prevention and management of metabolic diseases such as T2D, obesity, high blood glucose, and hypertension.
葡萄糖和脂质是主要的能量来源，也是哺乳动物有机代谢的关键组成部分。不当饮食直接影响代谢率，并可能改变身体的稳态。能量储存和利用的潜在变化会表现为代谢综合征，包括肥胖、高血压和高血糖，这些都是显著增加心血管疾病和2型糖尿病（T2D）风险的诱发因素。因此，识别参与葡萄糖和脂质代谢过程的基因至关重要。利用当前先进的科学方法和技术以及计算资源，已发现许多在能量代谢中起主要作用的新基因。此外，许多研究都集中在这些新基因的功能分析上。如今，揭示参与葡萄糖和脂质储存与利用的基因以及调节这些基因表达的潜在途径是一个正在进行研究的领域。在此，我们总结了当前与调节葡萄糖和脂质代谢的新基因相关的研究，这使我们能够开发出更有效的方法来预防和管理诸如T2D、肥胖、高血糖和高血压等代谢疾病。
