Armanini S F, Caetano J V, Croon G C H E de, Visser C C de, Mulder M
Section of Control and Simulation, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands.
Bioinspir Biomim. 2016 Jun 30;11(4):046002. doi: 10.1088/1748-3190/11/4/046002.
Flapping-wing aerodynamic models that are accurate, computationally efficient and physically meaningful, are challenging to obtain. Such models are essential to design flapping-wing micro air vehicles and to develop advanced controllers enhancing the autonomy of such vehicles. In this work, a phenomenological model is developed for the time-resolved aerodynamic forces on clap-and-fling ornithopters. The model is based on quasi-steady theory and accounts for inertial, circulatory, added mass and viscous forces. It extends existing quasi-steady approaches by: including a fling circulation factor to account for unsteady wing-wing interaction, considering real platform-specific wing kinematics and different flight regimes. The model parameters are estimated from wind tunnel measurements conducted on a real test platform. Comparison to wind tunnel data shows that the model predicts the lift forces on the test platform accurately, and accounts for wing-wing interaction effectively. Additionally, validation tests with real free-flight data show that lift forces can be predicted with considerable accuracy in different flight regimes. The complete parameter-varying model represents a wide range of flight conditions, is computationally simple, physically meaningful and requires few measurements. It is therefore potentially useful for both control design and preliminary conceptual studies for developing new platforms.
要获得精确、计算高效且具有物理意义的扑翼空气动力学模型颇具挑战性。此类模型对于设计扑翼微型飞行器以及开发增强此类飞行器自主性的先进控制器至关重要。在这项工作中，针对拍击-抛掷式扑翼飞行器上随时间变化的气动力，开发了一种唯象模型。该模型基于准稳态理论，考虑了惯性力、环量、附加质量力和粘性力。它通过以下方式扩展了现有的准稳态方法：纳入一个抛掷环量因子以考虑非定常的翼间相互作用，考虑实际平台特定的机翼运动学以及不同的飞行状态。模型参数是根据在实际测试平台上进行的风洞测量估算得出的。与风洞数据的比较表明，该模型能够准确预测测试平台上的升力，并有效考虑翼间相互作用。此外，使用实际自由飞行数据进行的验证测试表明，在不同飞行状态下都能以相当高的精度预测升力。完整的参数可变模型涵盖了广泛的飞行条件，计算简单，具有物理意义，且所需测量较少。因此，它对于控制设计和开发新平台的初步概念研究都可能具有实用性。
