Hoorelbeke Kristof, Koster Ernst H W
Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2017 Feb;85(2):135-146. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000128. Epub 2016 Jun 30.
Cognitive control impairments may place remitted depressed (RMD) patients at increased risk for developing future depressive symptomatology by disrupting emotion regulation processes. Research has shown that directly targeting cognitive control has beneficial effects on high trait ruminators and clinically depressed patients. The current study tested whether internet-delivered cognitive control training (CCT) can be used as an intervention to increase resilience to depression in RMD patients.
Effects of CCT were assessed using a double-blind randomized controlled design. RMD patients performed 10 sessions of a working memory-based CCT (N = 34) or a low cognitive load training (N = 34; active control condition) over a period of 14 days. Assessments took place prior to training, immediately following 2 weeks of training, and at 3 months follow-up. Brooding and depressive symptomatology were selected as primary outcome measures, alternative indicators for emotion regulation and residual symptomatology were selected as secondary outcome measures, along with indicators of functioning.
Compared to an active control condition, CCT demonstrated beneficial effects on a cognitive transfer task, brooding, depressive symptomatology, residual complaints, self-reported use of general maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, and resilience after controlling for intention to treat. Furthermore, completers of the CCT reported a reduction in experienced disability and cognitive complaints. However, no beneficial effects were found for self-reported use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies.
These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of CCT as an intervention to reduce cognitive vulnerability, residual symptomatology, and foster resilience following recovery from depression. CCT thus holds potential as a preventive intervention for RMD patients. (PsycINFO Database Record
认知控制障碍可能会破坏情绪调节过程，从而使缓解期抑郁症（RMD）患者未来出现抑郁症状的风险增加。研究表明，直接针对认知控制对高特质反刍者和临床抑郁症患者有有益影响。本研究测试了通过互联网提供的认知控制训练（CCT）是否可以作为一种干预措施来提高RMD患者对抑郁症的恢复力。
采用双盲随机对照设计评估CCT的效果。RMD患者在14天内进行了10次基于工作记忆的CCT（N = 34）或低认知负荷训练（N = 34；主动对照条件）。在训练前、训练2周后立即以及3个月随访时进行评估。选择沉思和抑郁症状作为主要结局指标，选择情绪调节和残留症状的替代指标作为次要结局指标，以及功能指标。
与主动对照条件相比，在控制意向性治疗后，CCT在认知转移任务、沉思、抑郁症状、残留症状、自我报告的一般适应不良情绪调节策略的使用以及恢复力方面显示出有益效果。此外，CCT的完成者报告经历的残疾和认知症状有所减少。然而，在自我报告的适应性情绪调节策略的使用方面未发现有益效果。
这些发现证明了CCT作为一种干预措施在降低认知易感性、残留症状以及促进抑郁症康复后的恢复力方面的有效性。因此，CCT作为RMD患者的预防性干预措施具有潜力。（PsycINFO数据库记录
