Lim Min-Cheol, Kim Young-Rok
Graduate School of Biotechnology & Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea.
Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam 13539, Republic of Korea.
J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Sep 28;26(9):1505-16. doi: 10.4014/jmb.1605.05071.
The detection of food pathogens is an important aspect of food safety. A range of detection systems and new analytical materials have been developed to achieve fast, sensitive, and accurate monitoring of target pathogens. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of selected nanomaterials and their applications in food, and place focus on the monitoring of biological and chemical contaminants in food. The unique optical and electrical properties of nanomaterials, such as gold nanoparticles, nanorods, quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, nanopores, and polydiacetylene nanovesicles, are closely associated with their dimensions, which are comparable in scale to those of targeted biomolecules. Furthermore, their optical and electrical properties are highly dependent on local environments, which make them promising materials for sensor development. The specificity and selectivity of analytical nanomaterials for target contaminants can be achieved by combining them with various biological entities, such as antibodies, oligonucleotides, aptamers, membrane proteins, and biological ligands. Examples of nanomaterial-based analytical systems are presented together with their limitations and associated developmental issues.
食品病原体的检测是食品安全的一个重要方面。已经开发了一系列检测系统和新型分析材料，以实现对目标病原体的快速、灵敏和准确监测。在本综述中，我们总结了所选纳米材料的特性及其在食品中的应用，并重点关注食品中生物和化学污染物的监测。纳米材料（如金纳米颗粒、纳米棒、量子点、碳纳米管、石墨烯、纳米孔和聚二乙炔纳米囊泡）独特的光学和电学性质与其尺寸密切相关，其尺寸与目标生物分子的尺寸在尺度上相当。此外，它们的光学和电学性质高度依赖于局部环境，这使其成为有前景的传感器开发材料。分析纳米材料对目标污染物的特异性和选择性可通过将它们与各种生物实体（如抗体、寡核苷酸、适体、膜蛋白和生物配体）结合来实现。本文介绍了基于纳米材料的分析系统的实例及其局限性和相关的发展问题。
