Brown Heather, Becker Frauke, Antwi Kofi
Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Baddiley Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4AA UK.
Sports Med Open. 2015;2:25. doi: 10.1186/s40798-016-0049-9. Epub 2016 Jun 13.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global death. Physical activity can help individuals reduce their CVD risk. However, the biological mechanisms explaining the link between physical activity and CVD risk and how they may be mediated by socioeconomic status are not well understood.
We use cross-sectional data from 2010/2011 of the Understanding Society Survey, UK, to investigate the association between two biomarkers for CVD risk: cholesterol ratio and triglyceride levels and four different measures of physical activity: moderate, mild, self-reported activity rating, and walking 30 min or more a week using multivariate logistic regression. The analysis investigates if this association is mediated by socioeconomic status and difficulty accessing sports facilities.
Results from multivariate regressions show that moderate and self-reported activity rating are significantly associated with cholesterol ratio and triglycerides for both men and women. A weaker association was found for walking 30 min or more a week. No association was found between mild physical activity and the two biomarkers. There is some evidence that socioeconomic status mediates the relationship between the biomarkers and physical activity. A significant association between socioeconomic status variables and the biomarkers was found only for women.
We provide some evidence of the mechanisms explaining the link between CVD risk and physical activity by finding an association with traditional lipid biomarkers. We also find that intensity of physical activity matters. Socioeconomic status especially for women is important which may explain some of the inequalities in CVD risk.
心血管疾病（CVD）是全球死亡的主要原因。体育活动有助于个人降低患心血管疾病的风险。然而，解释体育活动与心血管疾病风险之间联系的生物学机制以及它们如何由社会经济地位介导，目前尚不清楚。
我们使用英国“理解社会调查”2010/2011年的横断面数据，通过多元逻辑回归研究心血管疾病风险的两种生物标志物（胆固醇比率和甘油三酯水平）与四种不同的体育活动测量指标（中度、轻度、自我报告的活动评分以及每周步行30分钟或更长时间）之间的关联。该分析调查这种关联是否由社会经济地位和获得体育设施的困难程度介导。
多元回归结果表明，中度和自我报告的活动评分与男性和女性的胆固醇比率及甘油三酯均显著相关。每周步行30分钟或更长时间的关联较弱。轻度体育活动与这两种生物标志物之间未发现关联。有证据表明社会经济地位介导了生物标志物与体育活动之间的关系。仅在女性中发现社会经济地位变量与生物标志物之间存在显著关联。
通过发现与传统脂质生物标志物的关联，我们为解释心血管疾病风险与体育活动之间联系的机制提供了一些证据。我们还发现体育活动强度很重要。社会经济地位，尤其是对女性而言，很重要，这可能解释了心血管疾病风险方面的一些不平等现象。
