Pourghanbari Gholamhosein, Nili Hasan, Moattari Afagh, Mohammadi Ali, Iraji Aida
Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Yazd Iran ; Avian Disease Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Avian Disease Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Virusdisease. 2016 Jun;27(2):170-8. doi: 10.1007/s13337-016-0321-0. Epub 2016 May 21.
Lemon balm derivatives are going to acquire a novelty as natural and potent remedy for treatment of viral infections since the influenza viruses are developing resistance to the current antivirals widely. Oseltamivir, Melissa officinalis essential oil (MOEO) and their synergistic efficacy against avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H9N2 were evaluated in vitro in MDCK cells at different time exposure by using TCID50, HA, Real Time PCR and HI assay. The results showed that MOEO could inhibit replication of AVI through the different virus replication phase (P ≤ 0.05). Also the highest antiviral activity of MOEO was seen when AIV incubated with MOEO before cell infection. The TCID50/ml was reduced 1.3-2.1, 2.3-2.8, 3.7-4.5 log 10 than control group (5.6 log 10), HAU/50 µl was decreased 85-94, 71.4-94, 71.4-94 % and viral genome copy number/µl was brought down 68-95, 90-100, 89.6-99.9 % at pre-infection, post-infection and simultaneous stage, respectively. Hemagglutination inhibition result showed the MOEO was not able to inhibit agglutination of the chicken red blood cell (cRBC). Replication of the AVI was suppressed by the different concentration of oseltamivir completely or near 100 %. Also oseltamivir showed a synergistic activity with MOEO especially when oseltamivir concentration reduced under 0.005 mg/ml. The chemical composition was examined by GC-MS analysis and Its main constituents were identified as monoterpenaldehydes citral a, citral b. In conclusion, the findings of the study showed that lemon balm essential oil could inhibit influenza virus replication through different replication cycle steps especially throughout the direct interaction with the virus particles.
由于流感病毒对目前广泛使用的抗病毒药物产生了耐药性，柠檬香脂衍生物将成为一种新型的天然强效治疗病毒感染的药物。通过使用半数组织培养感染剂量（TCID50）、血凝素（HA）、实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（Real Time PCR）和血凝抑制试验（HI assay），在不同时间暴露下，于体外对MDCK细胞中奥司他韦、柠檬香脂精油（MOEO）及其对H9N2亚型禽流感病毒（AIV）的协同疗效进行了评估。结果表明，MOEO可在不同病毒复制阶段抑制禽流感病毒（AVI）的复制（P≤0.05）。此外，当AIV在细胞感染前与MOEO孵育时，MOEO的抗病毒活性最高。与对照组（5.6 log10）相比，在感染前、感染后和同时处理阶段，TCID50/ml分别降低了1.3 - 2.1、2.3 - 2.8、3.7 - 4.5 log10，HAU/50 μl分别降低了85 - 94%、71.4 - 94%、71.4 - 94%，病毒基因组拷贝数/μl分别降低了68 - 95%、90 - 100%、89.6 - 99.9%。血凝抑制结果表明，MOEO不能抑制鸡红细胞（cRBC）的凝集。不同浓度的奥司他韦可完全或接近100%抑制AVI的复制。此外，奥司他韦与MOEO表现出协同活性，尤其是当奥司他韦浓度降至0.005 mg/ml以下时。通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC - MS）分析检测了其化学成分，其主要成分被鉴定为单萜醛类的柠檬醛a、柠檬醛b。总之，该研究结果表明，柠檬香脂精油可通过不同的复制周期步骤抑制流感病毒复制，尤其是通过与病毒颗粒的直接相互作用。
