Al-Eryani Samira M, Al-Mekhlafi Abdulsalam M, Al-Shibani Latifa A, Mahdy Mohammed M K, Azazy Ahmed A
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Yemen.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2016 Jun 30;10(6):667-72. doi: 10.3855/jidc.6638.
Although toxoplasmosis is an important public health problem, there is scarcity of data on the disease available from Yemen. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in health facilities to determine seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Sana'a, the capital city of Yemen.
A total of 593 pregnant women were included and examined for anti-T. gondii antibodies (Ab) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bio and socio-demographic data were collected by pre-tested structured questionnaires through face-to-face interviews.
The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii was 45.4% (95% confidence interval: 41%-49%). The prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM was 43.7 (95% CI: 40-%48%) and 9.1% (95% CI: 7%-12%), respectively. About 7.4 (95% CI: 6%-10%) of pregnant women were seropositive for both IgG and IgM Abs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the following risk factors for toxplasmosis (IgG and/or IgM): age ≥ 25 years (adjusted OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.44-2.84, p < 0.001), rearing cats in the house (OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.20-2.55, p = 0.004), and contact with soil (OR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.32-2.75, p = 0.001).
The study reported high seroprevalence among pregnant women in Sana'a, Yemen, with a high proportion of pregnant women having a possibility of acute toxoplasmosis. This highlights the need for including routine screening for T. gondii in pregnant women in the country's antenatal clinics. In addition, health education on the mode of transmission of toxoplasmosis should be provided for pregnant women in Yemen.
尽管弓形虫病是一个重要的公共卫生问题，但也门关于该疾病的数据匮乏。在也门首都萨那的医疗机构开展了一项横断面调查，以确定孕妇中弓形虫的血清阳性率及相关危险因素。
共纳入593名孕妇，采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测抗弓形虫抗体。通过预先测试的结构化问卷，经面对面访谈收集生物学和社会人口学数据。
弓形虫的总体血清阳性率为45.4%（95%置信区间：41%-49%）。抗弓形虫IgG和IgM的阳性率分别为43.7%（95%置信区间：40%-48%）和9.1%（95%置信区间：7%-12%）。约7.4%（95%置信区间：6%-10%）的孕妇IgG和IgM抗体均呈血清阳性。多因素逻辑回归分析确定了以下弓形虫病（IgG和/或IgM）的危险因素：年龄≥25岁（调整后的比值比：2.02，95%置信区间：1.44-2.84，p<0.001）、家中养猫（比值比：1.75，95%置信区间：1.20-2.55，p=0.004）以及接触土壤（比值比：1.90，95%置信区间：1.32-2.75，p=0.001）。
该研究报告称，也门萨那的孕妇血清阳性率较高，有很大比例的孕妇可能患有急性弓形虫病。这凸显了在该国产前诊所对孕妇进行弓形虫常规筛查的必要性。此外，应为也门的孕妇提供关于弓形虫病传播方式的健康教育。
