Case Western Reserve University, Department of Pediatrics, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United StatesbCase Western Reserve University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States.
Case Western Reserve University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States.
J Biomed Opt. 2016 Jun 1;21(6):60505. doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.21.6.060505.
Infrared control is a new technique that uses pulsed infrared lasers to thermally alter electrical activity. Originally developed for nerves, we have applied this technology to embryonic hearts using a quail model, previously demonstrating infrared stimulation and, here, infrared inhibition. Infrared inhibition enables repeatable and reversible block, stopping cardiac contractions for several seconds. Normal beating resumes after the laser is turned off. The block can be spatially specific, affecting propagation on the ventricle or initiation on the atrium. Optical mapping showed that the block affects action potentials and not just calcium or contraction. Increased resting intracellular calcium was observed after a 30-s exposure to the inhibition laser, which likely resulted in reduced mechanical function. Further optimization of the laser illumination should reduce potential damage. Stopping cardiac contractions by disrupting electrical activity with infrared inhibition has the potential to be a powerful tool for studying the developing heart.
红外控制是一种使用脉冲红外激光器改变电活动的新技术。最初是为神经开发的，我们已经将这项技术应用于使用鹌鹑模型的胚胎心脏，之前已经证明了红外刺激，并且在这里还证明了红外抑制。红外抑制可实现重复且可逆的阻断，使心脏收缩停止数秒钟。关闭激光后，正常跳动即可恢复。阻断可以是空间特异性的，影响心室的传播或心房的启动。光学映射显示，阻断会影响动作电位，而不仅仅是钙或收缩。在用抑制激光照射 30 秒后观察到细胞内钙增加，这可能导致机械功能降低。进一步优化激光照射应该可以减少潜在的损害。通过用红外抑制破坏电活动来停止心脏收缩，有可能成为研究发育中心脏的强大工具。
