Kurti Stephanie P, Kurti Allison N, Emerson Sam R, Rosenkranz Richard R, Smith Joshua R, Harms Craig A, Rosenkranz Sara K
Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, 1A Natatorium, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05401, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016 Jun 28;13(7):643. doi: 10.3390/ijerph13070643.
Household air pollution (HAP) contributes to the global burden of disease. Our primary purpose was to determine whether HAP exposure was associated with reduced lung function and respiratory and non-respiratory symptoms in Belizean adults and children. Our secondary purpose was to investigate whether lifestyle (physical activity (PA) and fruit and vegetable consumption (FV)) is associated with reported symptoms. Belizean adults (n = 67, 19 Male) and children (n = 23, 6 Male) from San Ignacio Belize and surrounding areas participated in this cross-sectional study. Data collection took place at free walk-in clinics. Investigators performed initial screenings and administered questionnaires on (1) sources of HAP exposure; (2) reported respiratory and non-respiratory symptoms and (3) validated lifestyle questionnaires. Participants then performed pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and exhaled breath carbon monoxide (CO). There were no significant associations between HAP exposure and pulmonary function in adults. Increased exhaled CO was associated with a significantly lower forced expiratory volume in 1-s divided by forced vital capacity (FEV₁/FVC) in children. Exposed adults experienced headaches, burning eyes, wheezing and phlegm production more frequently than unexposed adults. Adults who met PA guidelines were less likely to experience tightness and pressure in the chest compared to those not meeting guidelines. In conclusion, adults exposed to HAP experienced greater respiratory and non-respiratory symptoms, which may be attenuated by lifestyle modifications.
家庭空气污染（HAP）导致了全球疾病负担。我们的主要目的是确定在伯利兹成年人和儿童中，接触HAP是否与肺功能降低以及呼吸道和非呼吸道症状有关。我们的次要目的是调查生活方式（身体活动（PA）和水果及蔬菜摄入量（FV））是否与报告的症状有关。来自伯利兹圣伊格纳西奥及其周边地区的67名成年人（19名男性）和23名儿童（6名男性）参与了这项横断面研究。数据收集在免费的即时诊所进行。研究人员进行了初步筛查，并发放了关于（1）HAP暴露源；（2）报告的呼吸道和非呼吸道症状；以及（3）经过验证的生活方式问卷。参与者随后进行了肺功能测试（PFT）和呼出一氧化碳（CO）测试。在成年人中，HAP暴露与肺功能之间没有显著关联。呼出CO增加与儿童1秒用力呼气量除以用力肺活量（FEV₁/FVC）显著降低有关。与未接触者相比，接触HAP的成年人更频繁地出现头痛、眼睛灼痛、喘息和咳痰症状。与未达到PA指南的成年人相比，达到PA指南的成年人出现胸部紧绷和压迫感的可能性更小。总之，接触HAP的成年人出现了更多的呼吸道和非呼吸道症状，而生活方式的改变可能会减轻这些症状。
