Revilla Pedro, Fernández Victoria, Álvarez-Iglesias Lorena, Medina Eva T, Cavero José
Misión Biológica de Galicia, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Apartado 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain.
Forest Genetics and Ecophysiology Research Group, School of Forest Engineering, Technical University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2016 Oct;107:319-325. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.06.017. Epub 2016 Jun 21.
In this study we evaluated the leaf surface properties of maize populations native to different water availability environments. Leaf surface topography, wettability and gas exchange performance of five maize populations from the Sahara desert, dry (south) and humid (north-western) areas of Spain were analysed. Differences in wettability, stomatal and trichome densities, surface free energy and solubility parameter values were recorded between populations and leaf sides. Leaves from the humid Spanish population with special regard to the abaxial side, were less wettable and less susceptible to polar interactions. The higher wettability and hydrophilicity of Sahara populations with emphasis on the abaxial leaf surfaces, may favour dew deposition and foliar water absorption, hence improving water use efficiency under extremely dry conditions. Compared to the other Saharan populations, the dwarf one had a higher photosynthesis rate suggesting that dwarfism may be a strategy for improving plant tolerance to arid conditions. The results obtained for different maize populations suggest that leaf surfaces may vary in response to drought, but further studies will be required to examine the potential relationship between leaf surface properties and plant stress tolerance.
在本研究中，我们评估了原产于不同水分可利用环境的玉米群体的叶片表面特性。分析了来自撒哈拉沙漠、西班牙干旱（南部）和湿润（西北部）地区的五个玉米群体的叶片表面形貌、润湿性和气体交换性能。记录了不同群体和叶片两面之间在润湿性、气孔和表皮毛密度、表面自由能和溶解度参数值方面的差异。来自西班牙湿润群体的叶片，尤其是叶片背面，润湿性较低，对极性相互作用的敏感性也较低。撒哈拉群体叶片表面，尤其是叶片背面，具有较高的润湿性和亲水性，这可能有利于露水沉积和叶面吸水，从而在极端干旱条件下提高水分利用效率。与其他撒哈拉群体相比，矮化群体具有较高的光合速率，这表明矮化可能是提高植物耐旱性的一种策略。不同玉米群体的研究结果表明，叶片表面可能会因干旱而发生变化，但需要进一步研究来探讨叶片表面特性与植物胁迫耐受性之间的潜在关系。
