Xu Qingbiao, Yang Qiu, Lu Xianli, He Shaoshen, Ma Xueling, Wu Dan, Meng Yuanyan, Xu Liuxing
College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong, China.
College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Jun 4;16:1581401. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1581401. eCollection 2025.
Mancozeb is often used to supplement the nutritional requirements of maize for elements such as manganese and zinc, as well as for the control of diseases such as large blotches and stripe blotches. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of different concentrations of mancozeb on phyllosphere microbial diversity and plant health in silage maize. The experimental treatments comprised three maturity stages (big trumpet, milk, and dough) and four mancozeb concentrations (control: CK, equal amounts of distilled water; low concentration, 1500-fold dilution; medium concentration, 1000-fold dilution; and high concentration, 500-fold dilution). The fresh matter yield of silage maize increased by 36.6% and 9.07% in the low and high treatments than in the CK, respectively. Compared with the CK, the application of mancozeb slightly improved the photosynthetic properties of the silage maize. Specifically, compared with CK, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and intercellular CO concentration in the low-concentration treatment increased by 10.4%, 50.2%, and 28.5%, respectively. Compared to the dough stage, the net photosynthetic rates increased by 64.8% and 93.2%in the big trumpet and milk stages, respectively, and transpiration rates increased by 66.4% and 155%, respectively. Total phenols, proline, reducing sugars, vitamin C, free amino acids, and inorganic phosphorus contents were the highest (P < 0.05) in the leaves at the dough stage. The low and medium treatments reduced the relative abundance of the harmful fungus compared to CK (high > CK > low > medium), and compared to CK, the low treatment increased , , , , , and other beneficial microorganisms in relative abundance. The relative abundance of was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of the CK at low and medium treatments. At the genus level, the fungal community with the highest relative abundance was (high > low > CK > medium). Based on the yield and utilization of silage maize and considering the changes in the diversity of microorganisms attached to the surface of silage maize leaves, this study recommends the use of low concentrations of mancozeb and harvesting at the milk stage.
代森锰锌常用于补充玉米对锰和锌等元素的营养需求，以及防治大斑病和条斑病等病害。本研究的目的是评估不同浓度代森锰锌对青贮玉米叶际微生物多样性和植株健康的影响。实验处理包括三个成熟阶段（大喇叭口期、乳熟期和蜡熟期）和四个代森锰锌浓度（对照：CK，等量蒸馏水；低浓度，1500倍稀释；中浓度，1000倍稀释；高浓度，500倍稀释）。与CK相比，低浓度和高浓度处理的青贮玉米鲜物质产量分别提高了36.6%和9.07%。与CK相比，施用代森锰锌略微改善了青贮玉米的光合特性。具体而言，与CK相比，低浓度处理的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和胞间CO浓度分别提高了10.4%、50.2%和28.5%。与蜡熟期相比，大喇叭口期和乳熟期的净光合速率分别提高了64.8%和93.2%，蒸腾速率分别提高了66.4%和155%。蜡熟期叶片中的总酚、脯氨酸、还原糖、维生素C、游离氨基酸和无机磷含量最高（P<0.05）。与CK相比，低浓度和中浓度处理降低了有害真菌的相对丰度（高浓度>CK>低浓度>中浓度），与CK相比，低浓度处理增加了、、、、和等有益微生物的相对丰度。在低浓度和中浓度处理下，的相对丰度显著高于CK（P<0.05）。在属水平上，相对丰度最高的真菌群落是（高浓度>低浓度>CK>中浓度）。基于青贮玉米的产量和利用情况，并考虑到青贮玉米叶片表面附着微生物多样性的变化，本研究建议使用低浓度代森锰锌并在乳熟期收获。
