Anderson Courtney K, Brossay Laurent
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Box G-B618, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
Immunogenetics. 2016 Aug;68(8):677-91. doi: 10.1007/s00251-016-0932-z. Epub 2016 Jul 1.
Even though major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class Ia and many Ib molecules have similarities in structure, MHC class Ib molecules tend to have more specialized functions, which include the presentation of non-peptidic antigens to non-classical T cells. Likewise, non-classical T cells also have unique characteristics, including an innate-like phenotype in naïve animals and rapid effector functions. In this review, we discuss the role of MAIT and NKT cells during infection but also the contribution of less studied MHC class Ib-restricted T cells such as Qa-1-, Qa-2-, and M3-restricted T cells. We focus on describing the types of antigens presented to non-classical T cells, their response and cytokine profile following infection, as well as the overall impact of these T cells to the immune system.
尽管主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）I类a分子和许多I类b分子在结构上有相似之处，但MHC I类b分子往往具有更特殊的功能，包括将非肽类抗原呈递给非经典T细胞。同样，非经典T细胞也有独特的特征，包括在未接触过抗原的动物中具有类似天然免疫细胞的表型以及快速的效应功能。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了黏膜相关恒定T细胞（MAIT）和自然杀伤T细胞（NKT）在感染过程中的作用，也讨论了研究较少的MHC I类b限制性T细胞的作用，如Qa-1、Qa-2和M3限制性T细胞。我们着重描述呈递给非经典T细胞的抗原类型、感染后它们的反应和细胞因子特征，以及这些T细胞对免疫系统的整体影响。
